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arXiv 1407.3752q-bio.BM
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生物分子模拟与对接导论

An Introduction to Biomolecular Simulations and Docking

Cameron Mura, Charles E. McAnany

摘要:

活细胞内和周围的生物分子--蛋白质、核酸、脂质、碳水化合物--不断地对在生理温度下可热接触的无数构象状态进行采样。同时,给定的生物分子还对由其他生物聚合物、小分子、水、离子等组成的快速波动的局部环境进行采样(并被采样),所述局部环境扩散到几纳米内,导致将大的超分子组装体缝合在一起的分子间接触。事实上,所有的生物系统都可以被看作是分子相互作用的动态网络。作为实验的补充,分子模拟提供了一种独特的强大方法来分析生物分子的结构,机制和动力学;这是可能的,因为定义复杂生物分子系统的分子接触受到表征单个小分子的相同物理原理(力,能量学)的控制,并且这些更简单的系统相对容易理解。随着现代算法和计算能力,模拟现在是一个不可或缺的工具,检查生物分子组件的原子细节,从构象运动在一个单独的蛋白质的扩散动力学和分子间碰撞在形成细胞规模的组件,如核糖体的早期阶段。本文主要从生物分子相互作用的角度介绍了分子模拟和对接的物理化学基础。

英文摘要:

The biomolecules in and around a living cell -- proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates -- continuously sample myriad conformational states that are thermally accessible at physiological temperatures. Simultaneously, a given biomolecule also samples (and is sampled by) a rapidly fluctuating local environment comprised of other biopolymers, small molecules, water, ions, etc. that diffuse to within a few nanometers, leading to inter-molecular contacts that stitch together large supramolecular assemblies. Indeed, all biological systems can be viewed as dynamic networks of molecular interactions. As a complement to experimentation, molecular simulation offers a uniquely powerful approach to analyze biomolecular structure, mechanism, and dynamics; this is possible because the molecular contacts that define a complicated biomolecular system are governed by the same physical principles (forces, energetics) that characterize individual small molecules, and these simpler systems are relatively well-understood. With modern algorithms and computing capabilities, simulations are now an indispensable tool for examining biomolecular assemblies in atomic detail, from the conformational motion in an individual protein to the diffusional dynamics and inter-molecular collisions in the early stages of formation of cellular-scale assemblies such as the ribosome. This text introduces the physicochemical foundations of molecular simulations and docking, largely from the perspective of biomolecular interactions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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