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arXiv 1407.2132cond-mat.other
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固态氦中超固态的上限

Upper limit of supersoldity in solid helium

Duk Y. Kim, Moses H. W. Chan

摘要:

在低温下,在含有固态氦的扭转振子中观察到的共振周期下降被解释为超固体的特征。然而,有人发现,剪切模量的增加,发现在固体氦在相同的低温下也可以减少扭转振荡器的谐振周期。我们报告的研究结果,在两个不同的扭转振荡器,专门设计,以尽量减少剪切模量的影响,并最大限度地提高任何可能的超固体响应。我们能够对$4\times10^{-6}$的非经典转动惯量或超固体分数设定上限。此外,我们对hcp $^3$ He固体重复了一个早期的实验,它显示出与hcp $^4$ He相似的低温硬化。我们发现,在hcp $^3$ He样品中测得的谐振周期的小下降在大小上与在hcp $^4$ He样品中发现的相当。这些结果强烈表明,在过去十年中,大多数扭转振子研究中报告的共振周期下降主要是剪切模量硬化效应的结果。

英文摘要:

The resonant period drop observed at low temperatures in torsional oscillators containing solid helium had been interpreted as a signature of supersolid. However, it was found that the shear modulus increase found in solid helium at the same low temperature could also decrease the resonant period of the torsional oscillator. We report the results of a study in two different torsional oscillators that were specially designed to minimize the shear modulus effect and maximize any possible supersolid response. We were able to place an upper limit on the nonclassical rotational inertia or supersolid fraction of $4\times10^{-6}$. Moreover, we have repeated an earlier experiment on hcp $^3$He solid, which shows similar low temperature stiffening as in hcp $^4$He. We found that the small drop of the resonant period measured in the hcp $^3$He sample is comparable in size to that found in the hcp $^4$He samples. These results strongly suggest that the resonant period drop reported in most torsional oscillator studies in the last decade is primarily a consequence of the shear modulus stiffening effect.

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