急冷固态氦中无序夹杂物的NMR研究
NMR Study of Disordered Inclusions in the Quenched Solid Helium
摘要：
用核磁共振技术研究了急冷固态氦样品的相结构。脉冲NMR方法用于测量所有共存相的自旋-晶格$T_1$和自旋-自旋$T_2$弛豫时间和自旋扩散系数$D$。结果表明，淬火后的试样是由六方晶系基体和夹杂物组成的两相体系，夹杂物的$D$和$T_2$值与液相相近。这样的液体状夹杂物经历一个自发的过渡到一个新的状态，具有非常短的$T_2$时间。发现在熔化曲线附近的仔细退火，在两种状态下观察到的夹杂物消失。假设液态夹杂物转变成一种新的状态-玻璃或晶体与大量的位错。这些无序的夹杂物可能是超固态区观察到的异常现象的原因。
英文摘要：
Phase structure of rapidly quenched solid helium samples is studied by the NMR technique. The pulse NMR method is used for measurements of spin-lattice $T_1$ and spin-spin $T_2$ relaxation times and spin diffusion coefficient $D$ for all coexisting phases. It was found that quenched samples are two-phase systems consisting of the hcp matrix and some inclusions which are characterized by $D$ and $T_2$ values close to those in liquid phase. Such liquid-like inclusions undergo a spontaneous transition to a new state with anomalously short $T_2$ times. It is found that inclusions observed in both the states disappear on careful annealing near the melting curve. It is assumed that the liquid-like inclusions transform into a new state - a glass or a crystal with a large number of dislocations. These disordered inclusions may be responsible for the anomalous phenomena observed in supersolid region.
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