We report on a study of the 2300-2600ÅFeII/FeII* multiplets in the rest-UV spectra of star-forming galaxies at 1.0<z<2.6 as probes of galactic-scale outflows. We extracted a mass-limited sample of 97 galaxies at z~1.0-2.6 from ultra-deep spectra obtained during the GMASS spetroscopic survey in the GOODS South field with the VLT and FORS2. We obtain robust measures of the rest equivalent width of the FeII absorption lines down to a limit of W_r>1.5 Åand of the FeII* emission lines to W_r>0.5 Å. Whenever we can measure the systemic redshift of the galaxies from the [OII] emission line, we find that both the FeII and MgII absorption lines are blueshifted, indicative that both species trace gaseous outflows. We also find, however, that the FeII gas has generally lower outflow velocity relative to that of MgII. We investigate the variation of FeII line profiles as a function of the radiative transfer properties of the lines, and find that transitions with higher oscillator strengths are more blueshifted in terms of both line centroids and line wings. We discuss the possibility that FeII lines are suppressed by stellar absorptions. The lower velocities of the FeII lines relative to the MgII doublet, as well as the absence of spatially extended FeII* emission in 2D stacked spectra, suggest that most clouds responsible for the FeII absorption lie close (3~4 kpc) to the disks of galaxies. We show that the FeII/FeII* multiplets offer unique probes of the kinematic structure of galactic outflows.
Quasar outflows are fundamental components of quasar environments that might play an important role in feedback to galaxy evolution. We report on the emergence of a remarkable new outflow absorption-line system in the quasar PG1411+442 (redshift ~0.089) detected in the UV and visible with the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph and the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph, respectively. This new "transient'' system contains thousands of lines, including FeII and FeII* from excited states up to 3.89 eV, HI* Balmer lines, NaI D 5890,5896, and the first detection of HeI* 5876 in a quas…
We present a near-infrared study of accretion and outflow activity in 6 Class 0/I proto-brown dwarfs (proto-BDs) using VLT/SINFONI spectroscopy and spectro-imaging observations. The spectra show emission in several [FeII] and H$_{2}$ lines associated with jet/outflow activity, and in the accretion diagnostics of Pa$β$ and Br$γ$ lines. The peak velocities of the [FeII] lines ($>$100 km s$^{-1}$) are higher than the H$_{2}$ lines. The Class 0 proto-BDs show strong emission in the H$_{2}$ lines but the [FeII] lines are undetected, while the Class I objects show emission in both [FeII] and H$_{2}$…
We present a two-dimensional mapping of stellar population age components, emission-line fluxes, gas excitation and kinematics within the inner $\sim200$ pc of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 2110. We used the Gemini North Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) in the J and K bands at a spatial resolution of $\sim22$ pc. The unresolved nuclear continuum is originated in combined contributions of young stellar population (SP; age$\leq100$ Myr), a featureless AGN continuum and hot dust emission. The young-intermediate SP ($100<$age$\leq700$ Myr) is distributed in a ring-shaped structure at $\approx140$ pc …
Constraining FeLoBAL outflows from absorption line variability
FeLoBALs是一类罕见的类星体流出物，具有低电离宽吸收线（BALs），大柱密度和潜在的大动能，这对星系演化的"反馈"可能很重要。为了探索这些外流的物理特性，我们进行了多历元，吸收线的变化研究12 FeLoBAL类星体跨越红移范围在0.7和1.9之间的休息帧时间尺度约10天至7.6年。我们检测吸收线的变异性大于8西格玛的信心，在我们的样本中的12个来源的3个超过0.6至7.6年的时间尺度。可变波长间隔与基态和激发态Fe II多重峰，Mg II 2796，2803双重峰，Mg I 2852，和激发态Ni II多重峰。观察到的变化以及吸收线饱和的证据有利于气体在视线（LOS）的横向运动作为首选方案，并允许我们限制流出距离从超大质量黑洞（SMBH）小于69，7和60 pc为我们的三个变量源。结合其他研究，这些结果表明，FeLoBAL类星体中的外流气体存在于一系列尺度上，包括距离中心源数十秒差距内的物质。
We present Bayesian AGN Decomposition Analysis for SDSS Spectra (BADASS), an open source spectral analysis code designed for automatic detailed deconvolution of AGN and host galaxy spectra, implemented in Python, and designed for the next generation of large scale surveys. BADASS simultaneously fits all spectral components, including power-law continuum, stellar line-of-sight velocity distribution, FeII emission, as well as forbidden (narrow), permitted (broad), and outflow emission line features, all performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo to obtain robust uncertainties and autocorrelation a…
It was suggested that the prominent feature of the optical Fe II emission has a connection with the accretion process in active galactic nuclei (AGN). For a large sample of 4037 quasars ($z < 0.8$) with measured $\rm Hβ$ line dispersion ($σ_{\rm Hβ}$) selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and 120 compiled reverberation-mapped (RM) AGN, we use $σ_{\rm Hβ}$ and the extended $R_{\rm BLR}-L_{\rm 5100}$ relation to calculate supermassive black holes masses ($M_{\rm BH}$) from the single-epoch spectra for the SDSS subsample, and $σ_{\rm Hβ}$ from the mean spectra for the RM subsample. We…
Ejective feedback as a quenching mechanism in the 1.5 billion years of the universe: detection of neutral gas outflow in a $z=4$ recently quenched galaxy
Wavelength-resolved reverberation mapping of intermediate redshift quasars HE 0413-4031 and HE 0435-4312: Dissecting Mg II, optical Fe II, and UV Fe II emission regions
We present a detailed study of the optical and NIR emission and absorption line spectrum of the quasar SDSS J163345.22+512748.4. We discovered on the newly acquired NIR spectrum a highly meta-stable neutral helium broad absorption line (BAL) \heiozetz\ with a width of $\sim$ 2000 \kmps\ and a blueshift of $\sim$ 7000 \kmps\ in the velocity space. The BAL system is also significantly detected in \mgii\ and \heiteen. We estimate a column density of $(5.0 \pm 1.7) \times 10^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$ for the HeI*(2~$^3$S) level, and infer an ionization parameter of $U_{A} = 10^{-1.9\pm 0.2}$ for the BAL out…
We report the results of analyses of galactic outflows in a sample of 45 low-redshift starburst galaxies in the COS Legacy Archive Spectroscopic SurveY (CLASSY), augmented by five additional similar starbursts with COS data. The outflows are traced by blueshifted absorption-lines of metals spanning a wide range of ionization potential. The high quality and broad spectral coverage of CLASSY data enable us to disentangle the absorption due to the static ISM from that due to outflows. We further use different line multiplets and doublets to determine the covering fraction, column density, and ion…
Physical Conditions in the Low-Ionization Component of Starburst Outflows: The Shape of Near-Ultraviolet and Optical Absorption-Line Troughs in Keck Spectra of ULIRGs
我们分析的物理条件，在低电离成分的星爆外流（在X射线中观察到的高电离风流体相比），基于新的凯克/LRIS光谱的部分解决吸收槽在近紫外和光学光谱的超铝红外Galerkin。大的速度宽度和蓝移存在于七，原子跃迁表明流出的气体内的宏观速度梯度。这些数据中的\mgII 2796、2803（和\feII 2587、2600）双峰线比重度混合的\nad 5892、98双峰线更好地约束气体运动学。\mgII 2796吸收槽的形状与2803 μ m处通常较弱的跃迁的形状相同，这要求两个跃迁在所有流出速度下都具有光学厚度。因此，在每一个速度下流出物所覆盖的银河系连续统的分数决定了这些吸收槽的形状。我们认为，速度偏移的最深的部分的槽，低电离气体的覆盖因子是接近统一的，反映了速度的外壳扫，星际气体在井喷的时候。在一个球形流出，我们表明，该壳的碎片膨胀缓慢相对于几何稀释，低电离气体的覆盖率随半径的增加而减小。因此，我们测量的覆盖因子随速度的增加而减少，可以解释为低电离外流加速的证据。我们还测量了四种气体的C_f（v），给出了流出气体密度的上限为3000 cm ~ 3，并讨论了质量流出速率的下限。
We present an analysis of the broad absorption line (BAL) velocity shift that appeared in one of the outflow systems in quasar SDSS J1042+1646. Observations were taken by the Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origin Spectrograph in 2011 and 2017 in the 500 -- 1050 $Å$ rest frame. The outflow's velocity centroid shifted by $\sim$ --1550 km s$^{-1}$ from --19,500 km s$^{-1}$ to --21,050 km s$^{-1}$ over a rest-frame time of 3.2 yr. The velocity shift signatures are most apparent in the absorption features from the Ne VIII $λλ$ 770.41, 780.32 doublet and are supported by the absorption troughs from O…
We present results on the nature of extreme ejective feedback episodes and the physical conditions of a population of massive ($\rm M_* \sim 10^{11} M_{\odot}$), compact starburst galaxies at z = 0.4-0.7. We use data from Keck/NIRSPEC, SDSS, Gemini/GMOS, MMT, and Magellan/MagE to measure rest-frame optical and near-IR spectra of 14 starburst galaxies with extremely high star formation rate surface densities (mean $\rm Σ_{SFR} \sim 3000 \,M_{\odot} yr^{-1} kpc^{-2}$) and powerful galactic outflows (maximum speeds v$_{98} \sim$ 1000-3000 km s$^{-1}$). Our unique data set includes an ensemble of …
Outflowing shocked gas dominates the NIR H$_2$ emission from the dual AGN NGC6240
Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学理论天体物理研究所）；European Southern Observatory (ESO)（欧洲南方天文台）；National and Kapodistrian University of Athens（雅典国立卡波蒂斯坦大学）；INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera（意大利国家天体物理研究所布雷拉天文台）；Università degli Studi di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）；INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚空间科学天文台）；ASTRON, The Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy（荷兰射电天文研究所）；Kapteyn Astronomical Institute（卡普坦天文研究所）；University of South Carolina（南卡罗来纳大学）
我们提出了一个类星体HE 0359 -3959的多波长光谱研究，这已被确定为一个极端的辐射源在中等红移（z=1.5209）。沿着光谱范围，不同的离子种类给出关于宽线区域中的子结构的信息。在CIVλ1549发射谱线上显示出一个具有极高蓝移速度$\sim$-6000 $\pm$ 500 km s $^{-1}$的强大外流。一个显著的蓝移成分也与1900年的混合物有关，类似于在CIVλ1549中观察到的成分。我们检测到一个很强的贡献非常低电离线，铁和近红外钙三重态。我们发现低、中、高电离发射线的物理条件是不同的，这表明发射线是在宽线区的不同区域发射的。剖面图所示的不对称性揭示了发射区上的不同力。高电离区强烈主导的辐射力，这也影响到低和中等电离发射区，通常由维里运动。这些结果支持了高辐射源拥有一个薄磁盘的想法。
Impact of AGN and nuclear star formation on the ISM turbulence of galaxies: Insights from JWST/MIRI spectroscopy
Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA（天体生物学中心（CAB），西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所与西班牙国家科学研究委员会联合机构）；Departamento de Física, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria（圣玛丽亚联邦大学CCNE物理系）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC（西班牙国家科学研究委员会基础物理研究所）；Universidade do Vale do Paraíba（帕拉伊巴河谷大学）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理学研究所）
Massive molecular clumps fragment into cores where star formation takes place, hence star-forming studies should be done at different spatial scales. Using near-IR data obtained with Gemini, data of CH3OCHO and CH3CN from the ALMA database, observations of HCN, HNC, HCO+, and C2H carried out with ASTE, and CO data from public surveys, we perform a deep study of the YSO G29.86-0.004 at core and clump spatial scales. The near-IR emission shows two nebulosities separated by a dark lane, suggesting a typical disk-jets system, but highly asymmetric. They are likely produced by scattered light in ca…
We report photometry and spectroscopy of the outburst of the young stellar object Gaia19bey. We have established the outburst light curve with archival Gaia G, ATLAS Orange, ZTF r-band and Pan-STARRS rizy-filter photometry, showing an outburst of approximately 4 years duration, longer than typical EXors but shorter than FUors. Its pre-outburst SED shows a flat far-infrared spectrum, confirming the early evolutionary state of Gaia19bey and its similarity to other deeply embedded young stars experiencing outbursts. A lower limit to the peak outburst luminosity is approximately 182 L_sun at an as…
The complete far-infrared and submillimeter spectrum of the Class 0 protostar Serpens SMM1 obtained with Herschel. Characterizing UV-irradiated shocks heating and chemistry
SPURS: An Ultra-deep View Inside the Compact, Nitrogen-Enriched Nuclei of Little Red Dots
Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交大东京镭研究所）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学物理与天文学院）；State Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学暗物质物理国家重点实验室）；Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校天文学系）；Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)（宇宙黎明中心（DAWN））；Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校物理与天文系）
A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): A First Look at the Rest-frame Optical Spectra of $z > 6.5$ Quasars Using JWST
