压缩软固体中的表面沟
Surface sulci in squeezed soft solids
摘要：
软固体的挤压、生物组织的受限生长以及诸如凝胶的软弹性固体的溶胀可以在它们的表面处产生大的压缩应力。这导致这种固体的光滑表面在其应力超过临界值时变得不稳定。以前的表面不稳定性分析假设二维平面应变条件，但在实验中，各向同性应力往往导致复杂的三维硫化模式。在这里，我们将展示如何出现这种不同的形态通过数值模拟的横向压缩刚性夹紧弹性层。对于不可压缩的固体，接近不稳定阈值，沟出现的I形线与他们的邻居正交对齐;在较高的压缩，他们是Y形的，更喜欢一个六边形的安排。与此相反，高度可压缩的固体，当挤压时，显示只有一个sulcified相，其特征在于由一个六边形的沟网络。
英文摘要：
The squeezing of soft solids, the constrained growth of biological tissues, and the swelling of soft elastic solids such as gels can generate large compressive stresses at their surfaces. This causes the otherwise smooth surface of such a solid to becomes unstable when its stress exceeds a critical value. Previous analyses of the surface instability have assumed two-dimensional plane-strain conditions, but in experiments isotropic stresses often lead to complex three-dimensional sulcification patterns. Here we show how such diverse morphologies arise by numerically modeling the lateral compression of a rigidly clamped elastic layer. For incompressible solids, close to the instability threshold, sulci appear as I-shaped lines aligned orthogonally with their neighbors; at higher compressions they are Y-shaped and prefer a hexagonal arrangement. In contrast, highly compressible solids when squeezed show only one sulcified phase characterized by a hexagonal sulcus network.
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