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arXiv 1405.0992cond-mat.quant-gas
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二维超流中巨涡旋衰变产生量子turbulence

Spontaneous generation of quantum turbulence through the decay of a giant vortex in a two-dimensional superfluid

A. C. Santos, V. S. Bagnato, F. E. A. dos Santos

摘要:

我们通过模拟囚禁的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的巨涡旋衰变,展示了二维量子湍流的产生。在计算由Gross-Pitaevskii方程描述的量子流体的不可压缩动能谱时,验证了双对数图中的双线性形式。小动量的特征标度行为与Kolmogorov $k^{-5/3}$定律相似,而大动量的标度行为则保证了核尺寸$k^{-3}$幂律的普适性。这表明了一种与逆级联相一致的能量传输机制。所描述的物理系统与目前可用的实验技术创造巨大的漩涡的可行性开辟了一条新的途径来探索量子湍流。

英文摘要:

We show the generation of two-dimensional quantum turbulence through simulations of a giant vortex decay in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate. While evaluating the incompressible kinetic energy spectra of the quantum fluid described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, a bilinear form in a log-log plot is verified. A characteristic scaling behavior for small momenta shows resemblance to the Kolmogorov $k^{-5/3}$ law, while for large momenta it reassures the universal behavior of the core-size $k^{-3}$ power-law. This indicates a mechanism of energy transportation consistent with an inverse cascade. The feasibility of the described physical system with the currently available experimental techniques to create giant vortices opens up a new route to explore quantum turbulence.

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