由有质量涡旋核、摩擦和约束导致的超流体开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性的抑制
Suppression of the superfluid Kelvin-Helmholtz instability due to massive vortex cores, friction and confinement
AI总结：
本研究通过广义点涡模型表征超流体界面量子化涡旋结构破缺的动力学不稳定性，明确涡核质量、耗散、边界邻近三种抑制机制，发现有质量涡核可改变标度律与发展方向，并将模型预测与冷原子实验测量结果对比。
摘要：
我们对造成相对运动的两超流体界面处出现的量子化涡旋规则行与涡旋项链结构发生破缺的动力学不稳定性进行了表征。借助广义点涡模型，我们明确了多种可抑制该不稳定性的机制，包括涡旋核的非零质量、涡旋与超流体激发相互作用产生的耗散过程，以及涡旋阵列与样品边界的邻近效应。我们发现，有质量的涡旋核不仅能缓解动力学不稳定性，还会改变相关的标度律并影响不稳定性的发展方向。最后，我们将该有质量耗散点涡模型的预测，与近期在冷原子平台上针对涡旋项链的最大不稳定性增长率的实验测量结果进行了对比。
英文摘要：
We characterize the dynamical instability responsible for the breakdown of regular rows and necklaces of quantized vortices that appear at the interface between two superfluids in relative motion. Making use of a generalized point-vortex model, we identify several mechanisms leading to the suppression of this instability. They include a non-zero mass of the vortex cores, dissipative processes resulting from the interaction between the vortices and the excitations of the superfluid, and the proximity of the vortex array to the sample boundaries. We show that massive vortex cores not only have a mitigating effect on the dynamical instability, but also change the associated scaling law and affect the direction along which it develops. The predictions of our massive and dissipative point-vortex model are eventually compared against recent experimental measurements of the maximum instability growth rate relevant to vortex necklaces in a cold-atom platform.
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