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arXiv 1405.0840astro-ph.EPastro-ph.GA
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用一个包含体扩散的完整气粒网络的统一宏观-微观Monte Carlo模型模拟星际

Interstellar Simulations Using A Unified Microscopic-Macroscopic Monte Carlo Model with a full Gas-Grain Network including Bulk Diffusion in Ice Mantles

Qiang Chang, Eric herbst

摘要:

我们设计了一种改进的算法,使我们能够模拟冷致密星际云的化学与完整的气体颗粒反应网络。的化学处理由一个统一的微观宏观蒙特卡罗方法,包括光子穿透和体扩散。为了确定这两个过程的重要性,我们用三种不同的模型模拟了化学反应。在模型1中,我们使用一个指数的治疗,以遵循光子如何穿透和光解离冰物种在整个粮食地幔。此外,光解的产物可以通过体扩散扩散并在冰幔内反应。模型2类似于模型1,但具有较慢的体扩散速率。还模拟了仅允许在顶部两层上发生光解反应的参考模型0。假设光解吸发生在所有三个模型的顶部两层。我们发现,这三个模型之间的粮食地幔中的主要稳定物种的丰度没有太大的差异,我们的模拟结果,这些物种的丰度与观测吻合得很好。同样,在三个模型中的气相物种的丰度没有变化。然而,自由基的丰度在粮食地幔可以不同的程度上的光子穿透和光解产物的体扩散的两个数量级。我们还发现,复杂的分子可以形成在所有三个模型的温度低至10 K。

英文摘要:

We have designed an improved algorithm that enables us to simulate the chemistry of cold dense interstellar clouds with a full gas-grain reaction network. The chemistry is treated by a unified microscopic-macroscopic Monte Carlo approach that includes photon penetration and bulk diffusion. To determine the significance of these two processes, we simulate the chemistry with three different models. In Model 1, we use an exponential treatment to follow how photons penetrate and photodissociate ice species throughout the grain mantle. Moreover, the products of photodissociation are allowed to diffuse via bulk diffusion and react within the ice mantle. Model 2 is similar to Model 1 but with a slower bulk diffusion rate. A reference Model 0, which only allows photodissociation reactions to occur on the top two layers, is also simulated. Photodesorption is assumed to occur from the top two layers in all three models. We found that the abundances of major stable species in grain mantles do not differ much among these three models, and the results of our simulation for the abundances of these species agree well with observations. Likewise, the abundances of gas-phase species in the three models do not vary. However, the abundances of radicals in grain mantles can differ by up to two orders of magnitude depending upon the degree of photon penetration and the bulk diffusion of photodissociation products. We also found that complex molecules can be formed at temperatures as low as 10 K in all three models.

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