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arXiv 1403.4565cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.supr-con
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长磁通鎓量子比特中的相干动力学

Coherent dynamics in long fluxonium qubits

G. Rastelli, M. Vanevic, W. Belzig

摘要:

我们分析了磁通鎓装置(Manucharyan等人,2009年科学326 113)形成的超导环的约瑟夫森结,其中强量子相位波动只局限于一个单一的弱元素。在这样的系统中,通过在弱元件处发生的$2π$的量子相位隧穿将环的状态与在相反方向上循环的超电流耦合,而环的其余部分提供量子比特的固有电磁环境。考虑到最近邻之间的电容耦合和对地电容,我们证明了环的均匀部分可以维持耦合到磁通量子比特的两个能级的电动模。特别地,当约瑟夫森结的数量增加时,若干低能模式可以具有低于量子比特频率的频率。这就产生了准周期动力学,它表现为两个反向传播电流状态之间的振荡在短时间内衰减,随后在稍后的时间内出现类似振荡的复苏。我们分析了系统如何接近这样一个动态的环的长度增加,并讨论可能的实验影响,这种非绝热制度。

英文摘要:

We analyze the coherent dynamics of a fluxonium device (Manucharyan et al 2009 Science 326 113) formed by a superconducting ring of Josephson junctions in which strong quantum phase fluctuations are localized exclusively on a single weak element. In such a system, quantum phase tunnelling by $2π$ occurring at the weak element couples the states of the ring with supercurrents circulating in opposite directions, while the rest of the ring provides an intrinsic electromagnetic environment of the qubit. Taking into account the capacitive coupling between nearest neighbors and the capacitance to the ground, we show that the homogeneous part of the ring can sustain electrodynamic modes which couple to the two levels of the flux qubit. In particular, when the number of Josephson junctions is increased, several low-energy modes can have frequencies lower than the qubit frequency. This gives rise to a quasiperiodic dynamics, which manifests itself as a decay of oscillations between the two counterpropagating current states at short times, followed by oscillation-like revivals at later times. We analyze how the system approaches such a dynamics as the ring's length is increased and discuss possible experimental implications of this non-adiabatic regime.

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