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arXiv 1402.4803astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRgr-qcnucl-th
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红的还是蓝的中子星合并后黑洞形成延迟的潜在kilonova印记

Red or blue? A potential kilonova imprint of the delay until black hole formation following a neutron star merger

Brian D. Metzger, Rodrigo Fernández

摘要:

中子双星的合并通常会导致超大质量中子星的形成。该残余物是否以及何时坍缩为黑洞(BH)主要取决于状态方程和角动量输运过程,这两者都是不确定的。在这里,我们表明,合并残留物的寿命可能会直接印在合并后的放射性供能的kilonova排放。我们采用轴对称的,随时间变化的流体动力学模拟剩余吸积盘轨道的可变寿命的HMNS,并表征这种延迟BH形成盘风喷出物的影响。当BH形成相对迅速(~ 100 ms)时,从盘流出的中子足够丰富,形成重r过程元素,导致在近红外(NIR)光谱峰值的~一周的发射,类似于动态喷出物产生的。相比之下,延迟BH的形成允许从HMNS的中微子,以提高在极方向上的电子分数的值,使潜在的镧系元素的流出产生。较低的不透明度将产生一个更明亮,更蓝,和更短的寿命~一天的发射(一个“蓝色颠簸”)之前,晚近红外峰值从动态喷出物和赤道风。这种新的诊断BH的形成应该是有用的事件的信噪比低于所需的重力波形签名的直接检测。

英文摘要:

Mergers of binary neutron stars (NSs) usually result in the formation of a hypermassive neutron star (HMNS). Whether- and when this remnant collapses to a black hole (BH) depends primarily on the equation of state and on angular momentum transport processes, both of which are uncertain. Here we show that the lifetime of the merger remnant may be directly imprinted in the radioactively powered kilonova emission following the merger. We employ axisymmetric, time-dependent hydrodynamic simulations of remnant accretion disks orbiting a HMNS of variable lifetime, and characterize the effect of this delay to BH formation on the disk wind ejecta. When BH formation is relatively prompt (~ 100 ms), outflows from the disk are sufficiently neutron rich to form heavy r-process elements, resulting in ~ week-long emission with a spectral peak in the near-infrared (NIR), similar to that produced by the dynamical ejecta. In contrast, delayed BH formation allows neutrinos from the HMNS to raise the electron fraction in the polar direction to values such that potentially Lanthanide-free outflows are generated. The lower opacity would produce a brighter, bluer, and shorter-lived ~ day-long emission (a `blue bump') prior to the late NIR peak from the dynamical ejecta and equatorial wind. This new diagnostic of BH formation should be useful for events with a signal to noise lower than that required for direct detection of gravitational waveform signatures.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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