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arXiv 1402.4103cond-mat.mes-hall
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石墨烯环长波长区的持续电荷流和自旋流

Persistent charge and spin currents in the long wavelength regime for graphene rings

Nelson Bolivar, Ernesto Medina, Bertrand Berche

摘要:

我们解决的问题,持久的电荷和自旋电流的Corbino磁盘建立从石墨烯片。我们一贯推导出哈密顿量,包括动力学,内在(ISO)和Rashba自旋轨道相互作用在柱坐标。哈密顿量被仔细考虑,以反映厄米性和协变性。我们分别计算了内禀和Rashba自旋轨道相互作用的能谱和相应的本征函数。为了确定电荷持续电流,我们使用谱平衡线性响应定义。我们还确定了自旋和赝自旋极化与这种平衡电流。对于内禀情况,我们也可以通过将裸速度算符应用于ISO波函数或将ISO群速度算符应用于自由波函数来计算正确的电流。两个SO耦合的电荷电流在半整数通量量子附近是最大的。这样的最大电流是保护免受热效应,因为贡献水平暴跌($\sim$ 1 K)到费米海在半整数通量值。这种机制使它们在容易接近的温度下可观察到。由于ISO光谱的自旋对称性,自旋电流只出现在Rashba耦合中。对于Rashba耦合,自旋电流在半整数通量处被抵消,但它们在附近保持有限,并且上述相同的情况保护自旋电流。

英文摘要:

We address the problem of persistent charge and spin currents on a Corbino disk built from a graphene sheet. We consistently derive the Hamiltonian including kinetic, intrinsic (ISO) and Rashba spin-orbit interactions in cylindrical coordinates. The Hamiltonian is carefully considered to reflect hermiticity and covariance. We compute the energy spectrum and the corresponding eigenfunctions separately for the intrinsic and Rashba spin-orbit interactions. In order to determine the charge persistent currents we use the spectrum equilibrium linear response definition. We also determine the spin and pseudo spin polarizations associated with such equilibrium currents. For the intrinsic case one can also compute the correct currents by applying the bare velocity operator to the ISO wavefunctions or alternatively the ISO group velocity operator to the free wavefunctions. Charge currents for both SO couplings are maximal in the vicinity of half integer flux quanta. Such maximal currents are protected from thermal effects because contributing levels plunge ($\sim$1K) into the Fermi sea at half integer flux values. Such a mechanism, makes them observable at readily accessible temperatures. Spin currents only arise for the Rashba coupling, due to the spin symmetry of the ISO spectrum. For the Rashba coupling, spin currents are cancelled at half integer fluxes but they remain finite in the vicinity, and the same scenario above protects spin currents.

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