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arXiv 1402.3002hep-ph
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脉冲电场中非平衡态粒子产生-- Schwinger机制的光谱表示

Spectral representation of the particle production out of equilibrium - Schwinger mechanism in pulsed electric fields

Kenji Fukushima

摘要:

我们发展了一种形式主义来描述粒子生产的动力学谱函数,即维格纳变换的Pauli-Jordan的和Hadamard的功能。我们以脉冲电场作用下的空间均匀标量理论为例,研究了谱函数随时间的演化。在外态中,我们发现阿达玛函数中的振荡峰是正能波和负能波混合的结果。该峰的强度为Bogoliubov混合系数的线性级,而对应于Schwinger机制的峰为二次级。之间的内和外的状态,我们观察到一个连续流的频谱峰与两个瞬态振荡峰。我们还讨论了有限温度和有限密度下的介质效应。我们强调,整个结构的光谱功能传达了丰富的信息,包括粒子生产的实时动态。

英文摘要:

We develop a formalism to describe the particle production out of equilibrium in terms of dynamical spectral functions, i.e. Wigner transformed Pauli-Jordan's and Hadamard's functions. We take an explicit example of a spatially homogeneous scalar theory under pulsed electric fields and investigate the time evolution of the spectral functions. In the out-state we find an oscillatory peak in Hadamard's function as a result of the mixing between positive- and negative-energy waves. The strength of this peak is of the linear order of the Bogoliubov mixing coefficient, whereas the peak corresponding to the Schwinger mechanism is of the quadratic order. Between the in- and the out-states we observe a continuous flow of the spectral peaks together with two transient oscillatory peaks. We also discuss the medium effect at finite temperature and density. We emphasise that the entire structure of the spectral functions conveys rich information on real-time dynamics including the particle production.

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