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arXiv 1402.2298astro-ph.CO
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宇宙再电离期间的非均匀再组合

Inhomogeneous recombinations during cosmic reionization

Emanuele Sobacchi, Andrei Mesinger

摘要:

通过耗尽可用于扩展宇宙HII区域的电离光子预算,重组系统(或莱曼极限系统)可以在宇宙再电离期间(和之后)产生巨大影响。不幸的是,在大规模再电离模拟中直接解决这样的结构在计算上是不切实际的。相反,在这里,我们实现了一个子网格处方跟踪星系际介质中的非均匀重组。建立在以前的工作参数化恒星形成的光加热反馈,我们提出了大规模的,半数值再电离模拟,自洽跟踪本地(子网格)的源和汇的电离光子的演变。我们简单的单参数模型自然会产生扩展的再电离和适度、缓慢变化的发射率,与观察结果一致。双折射有助于减缓大HII区域的增长,并抑制再电离后期(和之后)电离背景的快速上升。结果,在整个再电离过程中,典型的HII区域小了$\sim 2-3$倍。在再电离的后半部分,大尺度($k\lesssim 0.2\text{ Mpc$ ^{-1} $}$)电离功率谱受到$\gtrsim 2-3$因子的抑制。因此,正确的重组建模是重要的,几乎所有的再电离观测,包括即将到来的干涉与红移21厘米线解释。与以前的工作一致,我们发现在再电离结束时电离气体的聚团因子为$C_{\rm HII}\sim 4$。

英文摘要:

By depleting the ionizing photon budget available to expand cosmic HII regions, recombining systems (or Lyman limit systems) can have a large impact during (and following) cosmic reionization. Unfortunately, directly resolving such structures in large-scale reionization simulations is computationally impractical. Instead, here we implement a sub-grid prescription for tracking inhomogeneous recombinations in the intergalactic medium. Building on previous work parameterizing photo-heating feedback on star-formation, we present large-scale, semi-numeric reionization simulations which self-consistently track the local (sub-grid) evolution of both sources and sinks of ionizing photons. Our simple, single-parameter model naturally results in both an extended reionization and a modest, slowly-evolving emissivity, consistent with observations. Recombinations are instrumental in slowing the growth of large HII regions, and damping the rapid rise of the ionizing background in the late stages of (and following) reionization. As a result, typical HII regions are smaller by factors of $\sim 2-3$ throughout reionization. The large-scale ($k\lesssim 0.2\text{ Mpc$^{-1}$}$) ionization power spectrum is suppressed by factors of $\gtrsim 2-3$ in the second half of reionization. Therefore properly modeling recombinations is important in interpreting virtually all reionization observables, including upcoming interferometry with the redshifted 21 cm line. Consistent with previous works, we find the clumping factor of ionized gas to be $C_{\rm HII}\sim 4$ at the end of reionization.

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