爱因斯坦的稳态理论：一个被遗弃的宇宙模型
Einstein's steady-state theory: an abandoned model of the cosmos
摘要：
我们提出了一个翻译和分析的未发表的手稿阿尔伯特爱因斯坦，他试图构建一个“稳态”模型的宇宙。这份似乎写于1931年初的手稿表明，爱因斯坦曾经探索过一个宇宙模型，在这个模型中，膨胀宇宙中物质的平均密度通过从真空中不断形成物质而保持恒定。这个模型与先前已知的爱因斯坦宇宙模型（静态和动态）有很大不同，但在某些方面预测了后来霍伊尔、邦迪和戈尔德的稳态宇宙学。我们发现，爱因斯坦的稳态模型包含一个根本的缺陷，并建议，它被遗弃的原因。我们还认为，他拒绝探索更复杂的版本，因为他发现这些理论相当做作。这份手稿具有历史意义，因为它揭示了爱因斯坦在宇宙的稳态和演化模型之间进行了辩论，这比宇宙学界发生类似辩论早了几十年。
英文摘要：
We present a translation and analysis of an unpublished manuscript by Albert Einstein in which he attempted to construct a 'steady-state' model of the universe. The manuscript, which appears to have been written in early 1931, demonstrates that Einstein once explored a cosmic model in which the mean density of matter in an expanding universe is maintained constant by the continuous formation of matter from empty space. This model is very different to previously known Einsteinian models of the cosmos (both static and dynamic) but anticipates the later steady-state cosmology of Hoyle, Bondi and Gold in some ways. We find that Einstein's steady-state model contains a fundamental flaw and suggest that it was abandoned for this reason. We also suggest that he declined to explore a more sophisticated version because he found such theories rather contrived. The manuscript is of historical interest because it reveals that Einstein debated between steady-state and evolving models of the cosmos decades before a similar debate took place in the cosmological community.
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