The artificial neural network (ANN) is a well-established mathematical technique for data prediction, based on the identification of correlations and pattern recognition in input training sets. We present the application of ANNs to predict the emission line luminosities of H$α$ and [NII] $λ$6584 in galaxies. These important spectral diagnostics are used for metallicities, active galactic nuclei (AGN) classification and star formation rates, yet are shifted into the infra-red for galaxies above $z \sim 0.5$, or may not be covered in spectra with limited wavelength coverage. The ANN is trained with a large sample of emission line galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using various combinations of emission lines and stellar mass. The ANN is tested for galaxies dominated by both star formation and AGN; in both cases the H$α$ and [NII] $λ$6584 line luminosities can be predicted with a scatter $σ<$ 0.1 dex. We also show that the performance of the ANN does not depend significantly on the covering fraction, mass or metallicity of the data. Polynomial functions are derived that allow easy application of the ANN predictions to determine H$α$ and [NII] $λ$6584 line luminosities. An ANN calibration for the Balmer decrement (H$α$/H$β$) based on line equivalent widths and colours is also presented. The effectiveness of the ANN calibration is demonstrated with an independent dataset (the Galaxy Mass and Assembly Survey). We demonstrate the application of our line luminosities to the determination of gas-phase metallicities and AGN classification. The ANN technique yields a significant improvement in the measurement of metallicities that require [NII] and H$α$ when compared with the function based conversions of Kewley & Ellison. The AGN classification is successful for 86 per cent of SDSS galaxies.
The Ionized Gas in Nearby Galaxies as Traced by the [NII] 122 and 205 μm Transitions
[NII] 122和205 μm跃迁是星际介质中电离气体的强有力示踪剂。通过结合从Herschel KINGFISH和Beyond the Peak巡天中选择的21个星系的数据,我们编制了141个空间分辨区域,其典型大小为~1千秒差距,并观测了两条[NII]远红外线。我们测量了[NII] 122/205线比在~0.6-6的范围内,这对应于电子气密度$n_e$ ~1-300 cm $^{-3}$,中值为$n_e$ =30 cm $^{-3}$。单个星系内电子密度的变化可以高达~50倍,通常具有很强的径向梯度。我们发现,$n_e$增加的红外线的颜色,尘埃加权平均星光强度和恒星形成率表面密度($Σ_{SFR}$)的函数。由于[NII]跃迁的强度与电离光子通量有关,我们研究了它们作为恒星形成率(SFR)示踪剂的可靠性。我们得到的[NII]发射和SFR之间的关系在低密度限制和对数正态分布的密度的情况下。[NII]表面亮度和$Σ_{SFR}$之间的相关性的分散可以理解为$n_e$分布的性质。对于具有接近或高于[NII]线临界密度的$n_e$的区域,基于低密度极限[NII]的SFR校准系统地低估了SFR,因为[NII]发射被碰撞淬灭。最后,我们调查[NII]发射,SFR,和$n_e$之间的关系,通过比较我们的观察到的预测从MAPPINGS-III代码。
KURVS: chemical properties from multiple strong line calibrations for star-forming galaxies at $z\sim1.5$
Durham University(杜伦大学);Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心);DTU-Space, Technical University of Denmark(丹麦技术大学空间科学部);University of Southampton(南安普顿大学);International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, University of Western Australia(西澳大利亚大学国际射电天文研究中心);Swinburne University of Technology(斯威本科技大学);Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574(里昂大学、里昂第一大学、里昂高等师范学校、法国国家科学研究中心、里昂天体物理研究中心);Newcastle University(纽卡斯尔大学);Instituto de Fı́sica y Astronomı́a, Universidad de Valparaı́so(瓦尔帕莱索大学物理与天文研究所);Millennium Nucleus for Galaxies (MINGAL)(银河系千年核心);Institute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University(杜伦大学物理学院计算宇宙学研究所)
Halpha Imaging of the Herschel Reference Survey. The star formation properties of a volume-limited, K-band-selected sample of nearby late-type galaxies
Direct T_e-based Metallicities of z=2-9 Galaxies with JWST/NIRSpec: Empirical Metallicity Calibrations Applicable from Reionization to Cosmic Noon
University of Kentucky(肯塔基大学);University of California, Davis(加州大学戴维斯分校);University of California, Los Angeles(加州大学洛杉矶分校);University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学);University of California, Riverside(加州大学河滨分校);Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心);Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所)
OMEGA -- OSIRIS Mapping of Emission-line Galaxies in A901/2: I.-- Survey description, data analysis, and star formation and AGN activity in the highest density regions
A DESI Calibration of the [O II]--[S II] Electron-density Offset in Integrated Star-forming Galaxies
University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学)
Line Luminosities of Galactic and Magellanic Cloud Wolf-Rayet stars
我们提供了线光度和光谱模板的突出的光学发射线的133银河系沃尔夫-拉叶星利用盖亚DR 3的反射和光学分光光度计,并提供了比较与麦哲伦云的112个同行。WN、WN/C、WC和WO星的宽蓝色(He II 4686,C III 4647,51,N III 4634,41,N V 4603,20)和黄色(C IV 5801,12)发射特征的平均线光度可用于表征遥远的未分辨星系的恒星形成区的沃尔夫-拉叶星族。早型WN星在贫金属环境中表现出较低的线光度,但晚型WN星的情况不太清楚。大麦哲伦云WC 4 -5的线光度比银河系的高,麦哲伦云WO星的线光度比银河系的高。我们强调了其他突出的光学发射线,WN和WN/C星的N IV 3478,85,WC和WO星的O IV 3403,13和WO星的O VI 3811,34。我们应用我们的校准,以代表性的贫金属和富金属WR星系,IC 4870和NGC 3049,分别与光谱模板也适用于基于一个现实的混合亚型。最后,大(小)麦哲伦云的蓝线和CIV 5801,12线光度分别为2.6e38erg/s(9 e36 erg/s)和8.8e37erg/s(4 e36 erg/s),银河系的WR线累积光度估计比大麦哲伦云高一个数量级。
An Archival Calibration of JWST/MIRI Prism Wide-Field Slitless Spectroscopy: Methodology, Performance, and a Mid-Infrared Spectral Atlas of Galaxies at $z=0-4$ in the GOODS-N/S Fields
Westlake University(西湖大学);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所与高等科学研究中心天体生物学中心);Steward Observatory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台);Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学天文学与天体物理学系);Tsinghua University(清华大学)
Broad Paschen lines as black hole mass tracers: A reverberation mapping calibration
Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University(海德堡大学理论物理研究所);Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University(北京大学物理学院天文学系);Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University(北京大学卡尔·萨根天文与天体物理卡弗里研究所);Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所)
Fitting spectral energy distributions of FMOS-COSMOS emission-line galaxies at z$\sim$1.6: Star formation rates, dust attenuation, and [OIII]$λ$5007 emission-line luminosities
Tracing nitrogen enrichment across cosmic time with JWST
Università di Firenze(佛罗伦萨大学);INAF – Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室);Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所)
Complex gas kinematics in compact, rapidly assembling star-forming galaxies
我们已经获得了6个紧凑的、强烈的恒星形成星系的深、高分辨率光谱观测,它们的红移在z~0.1-0.3之间,其中大多数也被称为绿豆星系。值得注意的是,这些星系在光谱区域显示出复杂的发射线轮廓,包括Hα,[NII] $λλ6548, 6584$和[SII] $λλ6717, 6731$,由不同运动学分量在几kpc的空间范围上的叠加组成:一个非常宽的发射线下的一个以上的较窄的组件。对于至少两个观测到的星系,这些多个分量中的一些在它们的2D光谱中被空间分辨,而对于另一个星系,在距离星系约7 kpc的相同退行速度下检测到一个缺乏恒星连续体的微弱分离Hα斑点。单个较窄的Hα分量显示出高的内禀速度色散(σ~30-80 km s $^{-1}$),结合未锐化的遮蔽HST图像,表明恒星形成是在几个致密和湍流团块的集合中进行的,相对速度高达~500 km s $^{-1}$。在所有情况下,广泛的Hα成分表明大的膨胀速度(全宽零强度FWZI $\ge$ 1000 km s $^{-1}$)和非常高的光度(高达~10 $^{42}$ erg s $^{-1}$),可能显示出来自SNe的高能外流的印记。这些有趣的结果强调了绿豆对于研究远近低质量星系集合的重要性。
The DESIRED temperature-metallicity relations in star-forming regions: probing the Galactic radial and azimuthal metallicity distributions
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras(洪都拉斯国立自治大学);Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(墨西哥国立自治大学);Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(墨西哥国立自治大学天文研究所);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利群岛天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉古纳大学);Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(墨西哥国立自治大学无线电天文学与天体物理学研究所)