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arXiv 1401.4017hep-phastro-ph.CO
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来自暗物质湮灭的反氦

Anti-helium from Dark Matter annihilations

Marco Cirelli, Nicolao Fornengo, Marco Taoso, Andrea Vittino

摘要:

银河系暗物质(DM)湮灭可以通过湮灭过程中产生的反质子和反中子的核聚并产生宇宙线反核。由于反氘核已被证明提供了一个独特的DM信号,具有潜在的良好前景的检测大部分的DM粒子参数空间,我们在这里探索生产较重的反核,特别是反氦。在低动能(通常低于3-5 GeV/n)下,DM产生的反He通量甚至比反氘核更显著。然而,在形成过程中涉及的大量反核子使得反He通量非常小。因此,我们探索,对于一些DM基准的情况下,产量是否足以允许在当前一代的实验,如AMS-02的抗He检测。我们占的不确定性,由于在银河系中的传播和合并过程的不确定性的细节,我们认为反质子搜索已经施加的限制。我们发现,只有非常乐观的配置,它可能实现检测与当前一代探测器。我们估计,在更现实的配置,在低动能的实验灵敏度增加约500-1000的一个因素,将允许开始探测DM通过罕见的宇宙反He生产。

英文摘要:

Galactic Dark Matter (DM) annihilations can produce cosmic-ray anti-nuclei via the nuclear coalescence of the anti-protons and anti-neutrons originated directly from the annihilation process. Since anti-deuterons have been shown to offer a distinctive DM signal, with potentially good prospects of detection in large portions of the DM-particle parameter space, we explore here the production of heavier anti-nuclei, specifically anti-helium. Even more than for anti-deuterons, the DM-produced anti-He flux can be mostly prominent over the astrophysical anti-He background at low kinetic energies, typically below 3-5 GeV/n. However, the larger number of anti-nucleons involved in the formation process makes the anti-He flux extremely small. We therefore explore, for a few DM benchmark cases, whether the yield is sufficient to allow for anti-He detection in current-generation experiments, such as AMS-02. We account for the uncertainties due to the propagation in the Galaxy and to the uncertain details of the coalescence process, and we consider the constraints already imposed by anti-proton searches. We find that only for very optimistic configurations it might be possible to achieve detection with current generation detectors. We estimate that, in more realistic configurations, an increase in experimental sensitivity at low-kinetic energies of about a factor of 500-1000 would allow to start probing DM through the rare cosmic anti-He production.

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