In this paper, we focus on a PIG source for producing intense H-ions inside a 9 MeV cyclotron. The properties of the PIG ion source were simulated for a variety of electric field distributions and magnetic field strengths using CST particle studio. After analyzing secondary electron emission (SEE) as a function of both magnetic and electric field strengths, we found that for the modeled PIG geometry a magnetic field strength of 0.2 T provided the best results in terms of the number of secondary electrons. Furthermore, at 0.2 T the number of secondary electrons proved to be greatest regardless of the cathode potential. Also the modified PIG ion source with quartz insulation tubes was tested in KIRAMS-13 cyclotron by varying gas flow rate and arc current, respectively. The capacity of the designed ion source was also demonstrated by producing plasma inside the constructed 9MeV cyclotron. As a result, the ion source is verified to be capable of producing intense H- beam and high ion beam current for the desired 9 MeV cyclotron. The simulation results provide experimental constraints for optimizing the strength of the plasma and final ion beam current at target inside a cyclotron.
Beam Dynamics Simulation for the High Intensity DAEδALUS Cyclotrons
在DAEδALUS（Decay-At-rest Experiment for δCP studies At the Laboratory for Underground Science）项目中，提出了高功率H+2回旋加速器链，以有效地提供动能为800 MeV、平均功率在MW范围内的质子束。空间电荷在注入器和环形回旋加速器中都发挥着关键作用。大规模粒子模拟表明，注入器回旋加速器是一种空间电荷主导的回旋加速器，并且可以在隔膜上以可容忍的束流损失提取5 mA的束流电流。相比之下，在环形回旋加速器，没有空间电荷引起的束流损失期间观察到加速和提取。
