强流回旋加速器中包含相邻束团效应的束流动力学：模型、实现和应用
Beam Dynamics in High Intensity Cyclotrons Including Neighboring Bunch Effects: Model, Implementation and Application
摘要：
空间电荷效应作为最重要的集体效应之一，在强流回旋加速器中起着重要的作用。然而，对于回旋加速器与小匝分离，其他现有的影响是同样重要的。径向相邻的聚束的相互作用也存在，但它们的组合效应尚未得到任何详细的研究。本文首次提出了一种新的基于单胞粒子的自洽数值模拟模型。该模型涵盖了相邻束效应，并实现了三维面向对象的并行代码OPAL-cycl，风味的OPAL框架。我们讨论这个模型连同其实施和验证。模拟结果从PSI 590兆电子伏环形回旋加速器的背景下，正在进行的高强度升级计划，其目的是提供一个1.8兆瓦（CW）的光束功率在目标目的地。
英文摘要：
Space charge effects, being one of the most significant collective effects, play an important role in high intensity cyclotrons. However, for cyclotrons with small turn separation, other existing effects are of equal importance. Interactions of radially neighboring bunches are also present, but their combined effects has not yet been investigated in any great detail. In this paper, a new particle in cell based self-consistent numerical simulation model is presented for the first time. The model covers neighboring bunch effects and is implemented in the three-dimensional object-oriented parallel code OPAL-cycl, a flavor of the OPAL framework. We discuss this model together with its implementation and validation. Simulation results are presented from the PSI 590 MeV Ring Cyclotron in the context of the ongoing high intensity upgrade program, which aims to provide a beam power of 1.8 MW (CW) at the target destination.
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