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arXiv 1310.5571math.PRmath-phmath.APmath.DGmath.MP
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多维随机傅里叶级数的临界点:方差估计

Critical points of multidimensional random Fourier series: variance estimates

Liviu I. Nicolaescu

摘要:

对于任何正数$\varepsilon$和任何非负偶施瓦茨函数$w:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$,我们将$m$上的随机函数$u^\varepsilon$与$m$ -环面$T^m_\varepsilon:=\mathbb{R}^m/(\varepsilon^{-1}\mathbb{Z})^m$相关联,该环面定义为随机傅里叶级数$$ \sum_{ν\in\mathbb{Z}^m} X_{ν,\varepsilon} \exp\bigl(\; 2π\varepsilon \sqrt{-1} \;(ν\cdot θ)\;\bigr),$$的实部,其中$X_{ν,\varepsilon}$是具有方差$w(\varepsilon|ν|)$的复独立高斯随机变量。令$N^\varepsilon$表示$u^\varepsilon$的临界点的数量。我们明确地描述了两个常数$C, C'$,使得当$\varepsilon$趋于零时,随机变量$\frac{1}{{\rm vol}\,(T^m_\varepsilon)}N^\varepsilon$的期望值收敛到$C$,而其方差非常小并且表现得像$C'\varepsilon^{m}$。

英文摘要:

To any positive number $\varepsilon$ and any nonnegative even Schwartz function $w:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ we associate the random function $u^\varepsilon$ on the $m$-torus $T^m_\varepsilon:=\mathbb{R}^m/(\varepsilon^{-1}\mathbb{Z})^m$ defined as the real part of the random Fourier series $$ \sum_{ν\in\mathbb{Z}^m} X_{ν,\varepsilon} \exp\bigl(\; 2π\varepsilon \sqrt{-1} \;(ν\cdot θ)\;\bigr),$$ where $X_{ν,\varepsilon}$ are complex independent Gaussian random variables with variance $w(\varepsilon|ν|)$. Let $N^\varepsilon$ denote the number of critical points of $u^\varepsilon$. We describe explicitly two constants $C, C'$ such that as $\varepsilon$ goes to the zero, the expectation of the random variable $\frac{1}{{\rm vol}\,(T^m_\varepsilon)}N^\varepsilon$ converges to $C$, while its variance is extremely small and behaves like $C'\varepsilon^{m}$.

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