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arXiv 1310.2170astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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作为超软X射线源的双简并Ia型超新星前身星--用SeBa进行的布居合成分析

On double-degenerate type Ia supernova progenitors as supersoft X-ray sources - A population synthesis analysis using SeBa

Mikkel T. B. Nielsen, Gijs Nelemans, Rasmus Voss, Silvia Toonen

摘要:

背景:Ia型超新星(SN)祖先的性质仍然不清楚。虽然通常认为单简并祖系统将是发光的超软X射线源(SSS),但最近提出双简并祖系统也可能经历SSS阶段。目的:我们的目标是研究双退化祖系统SSSs的可能性,并将严格的上限上的最大可能的持续时间的任何SSS阶段和预期数量的这些系统在银河系人口。方法:我们采用二进制人口合成代码SeBa检查的质量传递特性的一个可能的SSS阶段的双退化Ia型SN祖系统1)标准SeBa的假设,和2)一个乐观的最佳情况下的情况。后一种情况建立了严格的上限的超软源双退化Ia型SN祖系统的可能人口。结果如下:我们的研究结果表明,不同于预期的单简并祖系统,绝大多数的材料吸积的纯风质量转移或风和RLOF质量转移的组合是氦,而不是氢。即使对质量传递和保留效率有非常乐观的假设,最终成为双简并Ia型SNe的系统所吸积的平均质量也很小。因此,即使在最佳条件下,这些系统成为SSS的时间也很短,而且银河系中此类系统的预期数量可以忽略不计。结论:作为SSS的双简并Ia型SN祖先的数量至少比预期为SSS的单简并祖先的数量小一个数量级,并且双简并系统的超软X射线行为通常在SN爆炸之前很久就停止了。

英文摘要:

Context: The nature of the progenitors of type Ia supernova (SN) progenitors remains unclear. While it is usually agreed that single-degenerate progenitor systems would be luminous supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs), it was recently suggested that double-degenerate progenitors might also go through a SSS phase. Aims: We aim to examine the possibility of double-degenerate progenitor systems being SSSs, and place stringent upper limits on the maximally possible durations of any SSS phases and expected number of these systems in a galactic population. Method: We employ the binary population synthesis code SeBa to examine the mass-transfer characteristics of a possible SSS phase of double-degenerate type Ia SN progenitor systems for 1) the standard SeBa assumptions, and 2) an optimistic best-case scenario. The latter case establishes firm upper limits on the possible population of supersoft source double-degenerate type Ia SN progenitor systems. Results: Our results indicate that unlike what is expected for single-degenerate progenitor systems, the vast majority of the material accreted by either pure wind mass transfer or a combination of wind and RLOF mass transfer is helium rather than hydrogen. Even with extremely optimistic assumptions concerning the mass-transfer and retention efficiencies, the average mass accreted by systems that eventually become double-degenerate type Ia SNe is small. Consequently, the lengths of time that these systems may be SSSs are short, even under optimal conditions, and the expected number of such systems in a galactic population is negligible. Conclusions: The population of double-degenerate type Ia SN progenitors that are SSSs is at least an order of magnitude smaller than the population of single-degenerate progenitors expected to be SSSs, and the supersoft X-ray behaviour of double-degenerate systems typically ceases long before the SN explosions.

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