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arXiv 1310.1963gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-thmath-phmath.MP
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“永恒”de Sitter空间的量子真空不稳定性

Quantum Vacuum Instability of 'Eternal' de Sitter Space

Paul R. Anderson, Emil Mottola

摘要:

本文证明了整体de Sitter空间中量子场的欧几里德或Bunch-Davies O(4,1)不变“真空”态对小扰动是不稳定的,即使对于没有自相互作用的大质量自由场也是如此.在“永恒的”de Sitter空间的收缩阶段,早期存在任意小能量密度的扰动,它是指数蓝移的,并变得足够大,通过半经典爱因斯坦方程干扰经典几何。在以后的时间。在近似的情况下,一个恒定的,均匀的电场,一个时间对称的状态等效的deSitter不变量之一,这也不是一个稳定的真空状态下的扰动。在这两种情况下的扰动和对称性破缺的增长中的量子异常的作用强调。在德西特空间中,直接从有质量标量场的重整化应力张量得到相同的结果,或者对于任何自旋的无质量共形场,更直接地从与共形迹异常相关的有效作用量和应力张量得到相同的结果。反常应力张量表明,在de Sitter群的O(4)子群下不变的态对于较低空间对称性的扰动也是不稳定的,这意味着O(4,1)等距群及其O(4)子群都被量子涨落破缺。这个结果的宇宙学和真空能量的问题的后果进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

The Euclidean or Bunch-Davies O(4,1) invariant 'vacuum' state of quantum fields in global de Sitter space is shown to be unstable to small perturbations, even for a massive free field with no self-interactions. There are perturbations of this state with arbitrarily small energy density at early times that is exponentially blueshifted in the contracting phase of 'eternal' de Sitter space, and becomes large enough to disturb the classical geometry through the semiclassical Einstein eqs. at later times. In the closely analogous case of a constant, uniform electric field, a time symmetric state equivalent to the de Sitter invariant one is constructed, which is also not a stable vacuum state under perturbations. The role of a quantum anomaly in the growth of perturbations and symmetry breaking is emphasized in both cases. In de Sitter space, the same results are obtained either directly from the renormalized stress tensor of a massive scalar field, or for massless conformal fields of any spin, more directly from the effective action and stress tensor associated with the conformal trace anomaly. The anomaly stress tensor shows that states invariant under the O(4) subgroup of the de Sitter group are also unstable to perturbations of lower spatial symmetry, implying that both the O(4,1) isometry group and its O(4) subgroup are broken by quantum fluctuations. Consequences of this result for cosmology and the problem of vacuum energy are discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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