因式分解的一种在壳方法
An on-shell approach to factorization
摘要：
由于杨-米尔斯理论在软极限和共线极限中的普遍行为，因子分解是可能的。在这里，我们采取了一个小步骤，以更透明的理解这些限制，证明了一种形式的微扰因式分解在树级使用壳旋量螺旋方法。我们提出了一个具体的和自包含的因式分解的表达式，其中QCD中的矩阵元素与QCD中其他矩阵元素的乘积相关，直到由某些物理上壳层态的动量确定的功率计数参数中的首阶。我们的方法仅使用软和共线极限中动量的缩放，避免将缩放行为分配给非物理（和规范相关）场。因式分解的证明利用了螺旋旋量的许多优点，例如可以自由地为不同共线扇区中的偏振选择不同的参考矢量。这种方法的一个优点是，一旦因子分解在QCD中成立，过渡到软共线有效理论是毫不费力的。
英文摘要：
Factorization is possible due to the universal behavior of Yang-Mills theories in soft and collinear limits. Here, we take a small step towards a more transparent understanding of these limits by proving a form of perturbative factorization at tree- level using on-shell spinor helicity methods. We present a concrete and self-contained expression of factorization in which matrix elements in QCD are related to products of other matrix elements in QCD up to leading order in a power-counting parameter determined by the momenta of certain physical on-shell states. Our approach uses only the scaling of momenta in soft and collinear limits, avoiding any assignment of scaling behavior to unphysical (and gauge-dependent) fields. The proof of factorization exploits many advantages of helicity spinors, such as the freedom to choose different reference vectors for polarizations in different collinear sectors. An advantage of this approach is that once factorization is shown to hold in QCD, the transition to Soft-Collinear Effective Theory is effortless.
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