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arXiv 1306.3742astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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中子星并合喷出物的辐射转移模拟

Radiative Transfer Simulations for Neutron Star Merger Ejecta

Masaomi Tanaka, Kenta Hotokezaka

摘要:

中子星并合是最有希望的引力波源之一。下一代GW探测器预计将在200 Mpc内探测到NS合并的信号。电磁波对应物的探测是理解GW源本质的关键。在NS合并可能的EM发射中,放射性r过程核驱动的发射是后续观测的最佳目标之一。然而,到目前为止,预测没有考虑到详细的r-过程元素丰度的喷出物。我们进行辐射转移模拟NS合并喷出物,包括所有的r-过程元素,从Ga到U的第一次。我们发现,NS并合喷出物的不透明度约为kappa = 10 cm ^2 g^{-1},比富铁的Ia型超新星喷出物高出约100倍。因此,发射比先前预期的更微弱和更长。由于许多不同的r-过程元素的高膨胀速度和束缚-束缚跃迁,光谱几乎没有特征。我们表明,发射是明亮的两个NS和合并模拟中采用的状态方程的质量比更高。由于发射的红色,在红色光学和近红外(NIR)波长的后续观测将是最有效的。在200 Mpc时,发射的预期亮度为i = 22 - 25 AB mag,z = 21 - 23 AB mag,并且在NIR JHK带中为21 - 24 AB mag。因此,必须使用宽视场4米和8米级光学望远镜和宽视场近红外空间望远镜进行观测。我们还认为,由放射性能量驱动的发射可以在附近的短伽马射线暴的余辉中检测到。

英文摘要:

The merger of binary neutron stars (NSs) is among the most promising gravitational wave (GW) sources. Next-generation GW detectors are expected to detect signals from the NS merger within 200 Mpc. Detection of electromagnetic wave (EM) counterpart is crucial to understand the nature of GW sources. Among possible EM emission from the NS merger, emission powered by radioactive r-process nuclei is one of the best targets for follow-up observations. However, prediction so far does not take into account detailed r-process element abundances in the ejecta. We perform radiative transfer simulations for the NS merger ejecta including all the r-process elements from Ga to U for the first time. We show that the opacity in the NS merger ejecta is about kappa = 10 cm^2 g^{-1}, which is higher than that of Fe-rich Type Ia supernova ejecta by a factor of ~ 100. As a result, the emission is fainter and longer than previously expected. The spectra are almost featureless due to the high expansion velocity and bound-bound transitions of many different r-process elements. We demonstrate that the emission is brighter for a higher mass ratio of two NSs and a softer equation of states adopted in the merger simulations. Because of the red color of the emission, follow-up observations in red optical and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths will be the most efficient. At 200 Mpc, expected brightness of the emission is i = 22 - 25 AB mag, z = 21 - 23 AB mag, and 21 - 24 AB mag in NIR JHK bands. Thus, observations with wide-field 4m- and 8m-class optical telescopes and wide-field NIR space telescopes are necessary. We also argue that the emission powered by radioactive energy can be detected in the afterglow of nearby short gamma-ray bursts.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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