Michał Jóźwikowski, Mikołaj Rotkiewicz
We present a geometric interpretation of the integration-by-parts formula on an arbitrary vector bundle. As an application we give a new geometric formulation of higher-order variational calculus.
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The calculus of variations for lagrangians which are not functions on the tangent bundle, but sections certain affine bundles is developed. We follow a general approach to variational principles which admits boundary terms of variations.
This work has the purpose of applying the concept of Geometric Calculus (Clifford Algebras) to the Fibre Bundle description of Quantum Mechanics. Thus, it is intended to generalize that formulation to curved spacetimes [the base space of the fibre bundle in question] in a more natural way.
In this paper we give a construction of Fedosov quantization incorporating the odd variables and an analogous formula to Getzler's pseudodifferential calculus composition formula is obtained. A Fedosov type connection is constructed on the bundle of Weyl tensor Clifford algebras over the cotangent bundle of a Riemannian manifold. The quantum algebra associated with this connection is used to define a deformation of the exterior algebra of Riemannian manifolds.
Asymptotic pseudodifferential calculus and the rescaled bundle
本文借助 Van Erp–Yuncken 群胚方法，在重标丛上建立平行伪微分理论，证明其可几何刻画 Block–Fox 的旋量丛渐近伪微分运算。
Reductions of higher tangent bundles of Lie groupoids provide natural examples of geometric structures which we would like to call higher algebroids. Such objects can be also constructed abstractly starting from an arbitrary almost Lie algebroid. A higher algebroid is, in principle, a graded bundle equipped with a differential relation of special kind (a Zakrzewski morphism). In the paper we investigate basic properties of higher algebroids and show some applications. Namely, we develop a geometric framework for variational calculus on higher algebroids (including both forces and momenta). Suc…
The aim of these notes is to relate covariant stochastic integration in a vector bundle $E$ (as in Norris \cite{Norris}) with the usual Stratonovich calculus via the connector $\K:TE \rightarrow E$ (cf. e.g. Paterson \cite{Paterson} or Poor \cite{Poor}) which carries the connection dependence.
We first generalize the operation of formal exterior differential in the case of finite dimensional fibered manifolds and then we extend it to certain bundles of smooth maps. In order to characterize the operator order of some morphisms between our bundles of smooth maps, we introduce the concept of fiberwise $(k,r)$-jet. The relations to the Euler-Lagrange morphism of the variational calculus are described.
Differential Calculus over Graded Commutative Algebras and Vector Bundles with Inner Structures
本文借助 Vinogradov 微分学函子并适配分次交换代数，统一解释多种几何结构，证明 triole 代数适合刻画带向量值纤维度量的向量丛微分学。
Intrinsic nonlinear elasticity: An exterior calculus formulation
本文用外微分与丛值微分形式建立非线性弹性的内蕴几何表述，统一处理运动学与动力学变量及三种运动表示，并揭示主丛结构与德拉姆复形两类底层数学结构。
A Lie algebroid over a manifold is a vector bundle over that manifold whose properties are very similar to those of a tangent bundle. Its dual bundle has properties very similar to those of a cotangent bundle: in the graded algebra of sections of its external powers, one can define an operator similar to the exterior derivative. We present in this paper the theory of Lie derivatives, Schouten-Nijenhuis brackets and exterior derivatives in the general setting of a Lie algebroid, its dual bundle and their exterior powers. All the results (which, for their most part, are already known) are given …
Differential Calculus in Triole Algebras
本文扩展 diolic 微分演算形式体系，提出 triole 代数以推广至含纤维度量的向量丛，并研究相关微分演算函子，建立保持向量值纤维度量结构丛上微积分的概念框架。
A Discrete Exterior Calculus of Bundle-valued Forms
针对带联络组合流形上丛值微分形式缺乏通用离散微积分的问题，提出外协变导数离散化方法，满足比安基恒等式且网格细化时可收敛至精确值。
In 1974, Folland and Stein constructed an inhomogeneous pseudo-differential calculus based on analysis on the Heisenberg group. This Heisenberg calculus was generalized by several authors, to any subbundle of the tangent bundle. van Erp and Yuncken, following Debord and Skandalis showed that this calculus can be recovered using a deformation groupoid alla tangent groupoid of Connes. Using functoriality of the deformation to the normal cone construction, we give an elementary construction of this groupoid. We then extend it to the general case of a filtration of the tangent bundle by an iterate…
A notion of an algebroid - a generalization of a Lie algebroid structure is introduced. We show that many objects of the differential calculus on a manifold M associated with the canonical Lie algebroid structure on T^M can be obtained in the framework of a general algebroid. Also a compatibility condition which leads, in general, to a concept of a bialgebroid.
Pseudodifferential Weyl calculus on vector bundles
该研究为伪黎曼流形上外尔量子化构建几何框架，构造星积并计算半经典展开，建立形式自伴符号与算子对应，分析莫亚方程并计算相关算子外尔符号，为弯曲时空相关理论发展奠定基础。
Variational calculus on a vector bundle E equipped with a structure of a general algebroid is developed, together with the corresponding analogs of Euler-Lagrange equations. Constrained systems are introduced in the variational and in the geometrical setting. The constrained Euler-Lagrange equations are derived for analogs of holonomic, vakonomic and nonholonomic constraints. This general model covers majority of first-order Lagrangian systems which are present in the literature and reduces to the standard variational calculus and the Euler-Lagrange equations in Classical Mechanics for E=TM.
This work has the purpose of applying the concept of Geometric Calculus (Clifford Algebras) to the Fibre Bundle description of Quantum Mechanics. Thus, it is intended to generalize that formulation to curved spacetimes [the base space of the fibre bundle in question] in a more natural way. It starts off with a review of the mathematical tools needed and then moves on to build the objects necessary.
We begin with a short presentation of the basic concepts related to Lie groupoids and Lie algebroids, but the main part of this paper deals with Lie algebroids. A Lie algebroid over a manifold is a vector bundle over that manifold whose properties are very similar to those of a tangent bundle. Its dual bundle has properties very similar to those of a cotangent bundle: in the graded algebra of sections of its external powers, one can define an operator similar to the exterior derivative. We present the theory of Lie derivatives, Schouten-Nijenhuis brackets and exterior derivatives in the genera…
Exterior differential systems on Lie algebroids and the invariant inverse problem of the calculus of variations
本文研究了Lie algebroids上的外微分系统，提出积分流形的概念，并应用到具有对称群的动力系统及变分学的不变反问题中。
We obtain the cohomology of the variational bicomplex on the infinite order jet space of a smooth fiber bundle in the class of exterior forms of finite jet order. This provides a solution of the global inverse problem of the calculus of variations of finite order on fiber bundles.
We study primary and secondary invariants of leafwise Dirac operators on foliated bundles. Given such an operator, we begin by considering the associated regular self-adjoint operator $D_m$ on the maximal Connes-Skandalis Hilbert module and explain how the functional calculus of $D_m$ encodes both the leafwise calculus and the monodromy calculus in the corresponding von Neumann algebras. When the foliation is endowed with a holonomy invariant transverse measure, we explain the compatibility of various traces and determinants. We extend Atiyah's index theorem on Galois coverings to these foliat…
Pseudo-differential operators on Homogeneous vector bundles over compact homogeneous manifolds
本文建立紧致齐次流形上齐次向量丛的亚椭圆伪微分算子全局理论，发展全局符号演算，证明 Calderón-Vaillancourt 定理、Fefferman 定理及 Gårding 不等式，并应用于演化问题适定性，计算外微分与 Dirac 算子的全局符号。
The Leibniz rule for derivations is invariant under cyclic permutations of co-multiples within the arguments of derivations. We explore the implications of this principle: in effect, we construct a class of noncommutative bundles in which the sheaves of algebras of walks along a tesselated affine manifold form the base, whereas the fibres are free associative algebras or, at a later stage, such algebras quotients over the linear relation of equivalence under cyclic shifts. The calculus of variations is developed on the infinite jet spaces over such noncommutative bundles. In the frames of such…
In this paper we review the recently proposed path-integral counterpart of the Koopman-von Neumann operatorial approach to classical Hamiltonian mechanics. We identify in particular the geometrical variables entering this formulation and show that they are essentially a basis of the cotangent bundle to the tangent bundle to phase-space. In this space we introduce an extended Poisson brackets structure which allows us to re-do all the usual Cartan calculus on symplectic manifolds via these brackets. We also briefly sketch how the Schouten-Nijenhuis, the Frölicher- Nijenhuis and the Nijenhuis-Ri…
We consider the variational complex on infinite jet space and the complex of variational derivatives for Lagrangians of multidimensional paths and study relations between them. The discussion of the variational (bi)complex is set up in terms of a flat connection in the jet bundle. We extend it to supercase using a particular new class of forms. We establish relation of the complex of variational derivatives and the variational complex. Certain calculus of Lagrangians of multidimensional paths is developed. It is shown how covariant Lagrangians of higher order can be used to represent character…
We consider differential operators between sections of arbitrary powers of the determinant line bundle over a contact manifold. We extend the standard notions of the Heisenberg calculus: noncommutative symbolic calculus, the principal symbol, and the contact order to such differential operators. Our first main result is an intrinsically defined "subsymbol" of a differential operator, which is a differential invariant of degree one lower than that of the principal symbol. In particular, this subsymbol associates a contact vector field to an arbitrary second order linear differential operator. O…
Bundles of Weyl structures and invariant calculus for parabolic geometries
针对抛物几何中Weyl联络的仿射不变量构造问题，本文提出一种通用微积分，给出仅张量依赖于形变$Υ$的所有仿射不变量的自然构造程序，为抛物几何微分不变量研究提供关键第一步。
An affine Cartan calculus is developed. The concepts of special affine bundles and special affine duality are introduced. The canonical isomorphisms, fundamental for Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of the dynamics in the affine setting are proved.
This article provides a pedagogically oriented introduction to geometric (Clifford) calculus on pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. Unlike usual approaches to the topic, which rely on embedding the geometric algebra either within a tensor algebra or within a vector manifold framework, here we define geometric calculus directly, by elementary methods. In particular we use an axiomatic approach that directly parallels textbook introductions to general relativity and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, so that no structure outside the metrical Clifford bundle of the manifold need be introduced. On this basis we…
We use the manifestly conformally invariant description of a Lorentzian conformal structure in terms of a parabolic Cartan geometry in order to introduce a superalgebra structure on the space of twistor spinors and normal conformal vector fields formulated in purely algebraic terms on parallel sections in tractor bundles. Via a fixed metric in the conformal class, one reproduces a conformal superalgebra structure which has been considered in the literature before. The tractor approach, however, makes clear that the failure of this object to be a Lie superalgebra in certain cases is due to pure…
Semiclassical analysis on principal bundles
本文提出 Borel-Weil 半经典演算框架，研究紧李群主丛上的等变算子，并应用于部分双曲流的快速混合条件及次椭圆拉普拉斯算子的全局亚椭圆性与量子遍历性。
Supplementary comments about generalized Lie algebroids are presented and a new point of view over the construction of the Lie algebroid generalized tangent bundle of a (dual) vector bundle is introduced. Using the general theory of exterior differential calculus for generalized Lie algebroids, a covariant derivative for exterior forms of a (dual) vector bundle is introduced. Using this covariant derivative, the complete lift of an arbitrary section of a (dual) vector bundle is discovered. A theory of Legendre type and Legendre duality between vertical and complete lifts is presented. Finally,…
First-order jet bundles can be put at the foundations of the modern geometric approach to nonlinear PDEs, since higher-order jet bundles can be seen as constrained iterated jet bundles. The definition of first-order jet bundles can be given in many equivalent ways - for instance, by means of Grassmann bundles. In this paper we generalize it by means of flag bundles, and develop the corresponding theory for higher-oder and infinite-order jet bundles. We show that this is a natural geometric framework for the space of Cauchy data for nonlinear PDEs. As an example, we derive a general notion of t…
Infinitesimal variation of Action functional in classical (non-quantum) field theory with higher derivatives is presented in terms of well-defined intrinsic geometric objects independent of the particular field which varies. 'Integration by parts' procedure for this variation is then described in purely formal language and is shown to consist in application of nonlinear Green formula to the vertical differential of the Lagrangian. Euler-Lagrange expressions and the Green operator are calculated by simple pull-backs of certain vector bundle valued differential forms associated with the given va…
The category of generalized Lie algebroids is presented. We obtain an exterior differential calculus for generalized Lie algebroids. In particular, we obtain similar results with the classical and modern results for Lie algebroids. So, a new result of Maurer-Cartan type is presented. Supposing that any vector subbundle of the pullback vector bundle of a generalized Lie algebroid is called interior differential system (IDS) for that generalized Lie algebroid, a theorem of Cartan type is obtained. Extending the classical notion of exterior differential system (EDS) to generalized Lie algebroids,…
We explore the geometry that underlies the osculating nilpotent group structures of the Heisenberg calculus. For a smooth manifold $M$ with a distribution $H\subseteq TM$ analysts use explicit (and rather complicated) coordinate formulas to define the nilpotent groups that are central to the calculus. Our aim in this paper is to provide insight in the intrinsic geometry that underlies these coordinate formulas. First, we introduce `parabolic arrows' as a generalization of tangent vectors. The definition of parabolic arrows involves a mix of first and second order derivatives. Parabolic arrows …
Constraint Vector Bundles and Reduction of Lie (Bi-)Algebroids
本研究提出推广经典余迷向Poisson约化的几何结构约化框架，引入约束流形、约束向量丛等概念并证明相关定理，最终得到李（双）代数胚和Dirac流形的约化方法。
We extend the calculus of multiplicative vector fields and differential forms and their intrinsic derivatives from Lie groups to Lie groupoids; this generalization turns out to include also the classical process of complete lifting from arbitrary manifolds to tangent and cotangent bundles. Using this calculus we give a new description of the Lie bialgebroid structure associated with a Poisson groupoid.
Applying concepts and tools from classical tangent bundle geometry and using the apparatus of the calculus along the tangent bundle projection ('pull-back formalism'), first we enrich the known lists of the characterizations of affine vector fields on a spray manifold and conformal vector fields on a Finsler manifold. Second, we deduce consequences on vector fields on the underlying manifold of a Finsler structure having one or two of the mentioned geometric properties.
Symmetric Cartan calculus, the Patterson-Walker metric and Killing vector fields
本文发展了对称Cartan算子，探讨其与Patterson-Walker度量的联系，并揭示了Killing向量场在其中的核心作用。
In this paper we obtain natural boundary conditions for a large class of variational problems with free boundary values. In comparison with the already existing examples, our framework displays complete freedom concerning the topology of $Y$, the manifold of dependent and independent variables underlying a given problem, as well as the order of its Lagrangian. Our result follows from the natural behavior, under boundary-friendly transformations, of an operator, similar to the Euler map, constructed in the context of relative horizontal forms on jet bundles (or Grassmann fibrations) over $Y$. E…
This note aims at obtaining a variational characterization of complex structures by means of a calculus of variations for real vector bundle valued differential forms, and outlines a perspective to study existence questions via functionals and stability notions.
Differential calculus for generalized geometry and geometric Lax flows
该研究在广义几何框架下利用广义联络构造微分复形，推广了Levi-Civita联络、Chern-Weil同态等经典几何概念，并将Ricci流纳入几何Lax流体系，为广义几何的微分分析提供了新工具。
The Adiabatic b-Calculus and the Global Anomaly Formula on Manifolds with Boundary
本文研究带边界紧流形上椭圆算子的行列式线丛，构造绝热b-伪微分算子演算，证明该情形下的整体反常公式，将Witten的和乐定理推广至带边界流形。
We develop a framework to compute characteristic classes and their forms in the computer algebra system SageMath using symbolic calculus. In order to do this, we make use of the Chern-Weil approach in which characteristic classes of vector bundles in the de Rham cohomology are obtained by arbitrary connections. Along the way, we implement the notion of vector bundles, their sections and connections as well as mixed differential forms in SageMath. We conclude by discussing some application examples exposed in Jupyter Notebook and eventually address the issue of computational cost.
The geometrical structure known as the Tulczyjew triple has proved to be very useful in describing mechanical systems, even those with singular Lagrangians or subject to constraints. Starting from basic concepts of variational calculus, we construct the Tulczyjew triple for first-order Field Theory. The important feature of our approach is that we do not postulate {\it ad hoc} the ingredients of the theory, but obtain them as unavoidable consequences of the variational calculus. This picture of Field Theory is covariant and complete, containing not only the Lagrangian formalism and Euler-Lagra…
We study the noncommutative differential geometry of the algebra of endomorphisms of any SU(n)-vector bundle. We show that ordinary connections on such SU(n)-vector bundle can be interpreted in a natural way as a noncommutative 1-form on this algebra for the differential calculus based on derivations. We interpret the Lie algebra of derivations of the algebra of endomorphisms as a Lie algebroid. Then we look at noncommutative connections as generalizations of these usual connections.
A gauge theoretic aspect of parabolic bundles over real curves
本文研究实曲线上实与四元数抛物丛的规范理论方面，考察规范群下连接的轨道空间，证明相应的规范理论商位于全纯抛物丛模空间的实点内。
We present a new solution to the index problem for hypoelliptic operators in the Heisenberg calculus on contact manifolds, by constructing the appropriate topological K-theory cocycle for such operators. Its Chern character gives a cohomology class to which the Atiyah-Singer index formula can be applied. Such a K-cocycle has already been constructed by Boutet de Monvel for Toeplitz operators, and, more recently, by Melrose and Epstein for the class of Hermite operators. Our construction applies to general hypoelliptic pseudodifferential operators in the Heisenberg calculus. As in the Hermite I…
The grassmannian of hermitian lagrangian spaces in $\mathbb{C}^n\oplus \mathbb{C}^n$ is a natural compactification of the space of hermitian $n\times n$ matrices. We describe a Schubert-like, Whitney regular stratification on this space which has a Morse theoretic origin. We prove that these strata define closed subanalytic currents à la R. Hardt, generating the integral homology of this space, we investigate their intersection theoretic properties, and we prove certain odd (in K-theoretic sense) Thom-Porteous type theorems.
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