Igor Belegradek
This is a survey of topological properties of open, complete nonpositively curved manifolds which may have infinite volume. Topics include topology of ends, restrictions on the fundamental group, as well as a review of known examples.
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We show that the space of nonpositively curved metrics of a negatively curved manifold is highly non connected.
We use pinched smooth hyperbolization to show that every closed, nonpositively curved $n$-dimensional manifold $M$ can be embedded as a totally geodesic submanifold of a closed, nonpositively curved $(n+1)$-dimensional manifold $\hat{M}$ of geometric rank one.
We prove a pair of sharp reverse isoperimetric inequalities for domains in nonpositively curved surfaces: (1) metric disks centered at the vertex of a Euclidean cone of angle at least $2π$ have minimal area among all nonpositively curved disks of the same perimeter and the same total curvature; (2) geodesic triangles in a Euclidean (resp. hyperbolic) cone of angle at least $2π$ have minimal area among all nonpositively curved geodesic triangles (resp. all geodesic triangles of curvature at most $-1$) with the same side lengths and angles.
We give new examples of closed smooth 4-manifolds which support singular metrics of nonpositive curvature, but no smooth ones, thereby answering affirmatively a question of Gromov. The obstruction comes from patterns of incompressible 2-tori sufficiently complicated to force branching of geodesics for nonpositively curved metrics.
We study the asymptotic cones of the universal covering spaces of closed 4-dimensional nonpositively curved real analytic manifolds. We show that the existence of nonstandard components in the Tits boundary, discovered by Christoph Hummel and Victor Schroeder, depends only on the quasi-isometry type of the fundamental group.
We give a simple construction of new, complete, finite volume manifolds $M$ of bounded, nonpositive curvature. These manifolds have ends that look like a mixture of locally symmetric ends of different ranks and their fundamental groups are not duality groups.
We show that closed manifolds supporting a nonpositively curved metric with negative $([\frac{n}{4}]+1)$-Ricci curvature, have positive simplicial volume. This answers a special case of a conjecture of Gromov.
We show that the metric of nonpositively curved graph manifolds is determined by its geodesic flow. More precisely we show that if the geodesic flows of two nonpositively curved graph manifolds are $C^0$ conjugate then the spaces are isometric.
We relate the Gromov norm on homology classes to the harmonic norm on the dual cohomology and obtain double sided bounds in terms of the volume and other geometric quantities of the underlying manifold. Along the way, we provide comparisons to other related norms and quantities as well.
Isoperimetric regions minimize the size of their boundaries among all regions with the same volume. In Euclidean and Hyperbolic space, isoperimetric regions are round balls. We show that isoperimetric regions in two and three-dimensional nonpositively curved manifolds are not necessarily balls, and need not even be connected.
Positivity of simplicial volume for closed nonpositively curved four-manifolds with nonzero Euler characteristic
研究具有非零欧拉特征的闭非正曲率四维流形，运用高斯 - 博内定理证明其单纯体积为正，部分解决相关猜想，还证实了格罗莫夫关于负里奇曲率时单纯体积正性的猜想。
We study discrete, cocompact, isometric actions of groups on Hadamard spaces, and the induced actions on ideal boundaries. For a class of groups generalizing fundamental groups of three-dimensional graph manifolds, we find a set of invariants for the action which determine the boundary action up to equivariant homeomorphism. This work was inspired by (and answers) a question of Gromov from "Asymptotic invariants of infinite groups."
An old problem asks whether a Riemannian manifold can be isospectral to a Riemannian orbifold with nontrivial singular set. In this short note we show that under the assumption of Schanuel's conjecture in transcendental number theory, this is impossible whenever the orbifold and manifold in question are length-commensurable compact locally symmetric spaces of nonpositive curvature associated to simple Lie groups.
Let M be a closed 3-dimensional graph manifold. We prove that h(g)>1 for each geometrization g of M, where h(g) is the topological entropy of geodesic flow of g.
The measure concentration property of an mm-space $X$ is roughly described as that any 1-Lipschitz map on $X$ to a metric space $Y$ is almost close to a constant map. The target space $Y$ is called the screen. The case of $Y=\mathbb{R}$ is widely studied in many literature (see \cite{gromov}, \cite{ledoux}, \cite{mil2}, \cite{milsch}, \cite{sch}, \cite{tal}, \cite{tal2} and its reference). M. Gromov developed the theory of measure concentration in the case where the screen $Y$ is not necessarily $\mathbb{R}$ (cf. \cite{gromovcat}, {gromov2}, \cite{gromov}). In this paper, we consider the case …
Polynomial decay of correlations for nonpositively curved surfaces
本文证明了一类零曲率仅沿一条闭测地线出现的非正曲率曲面上测地流的多项式相关性衰减，并证明其满足包括中心极限定理在内的多种统计极限定律。
We prove vanishing results for the generalized Miller-Morita-Mumford classes of some smooth bundles whose fiber is a closed manifold that supports a nonpositively curved Riemannian metric. We also find, under some extra conditions, that the vertical tangent bundle is topologically rigid.
We construct series of examples of exotic smooth structures on compact locally symmetric spaces of noncompact type. In particular, we obtain higher rank examples, which do not support Riemannian metric of nonpositive curvature. The examples are obtained by taking the connected sum with an exotic sphere. To detect the change of the smooth structure we use a tangential map from the locally symmetric space its dual compact type twin.
Nonpositively curved surfaces are Loewner
本文证明所有闭非正曲率曲面均满足 Loewner 收缩不等式，核心方法是结合 Gauss–Bonnet 公式与 Liouville 测度在测地流下不变的平均化论证。
We prove the nonexistence of a proper singular Riemannian foliation admitting section in compact manifolds of nonpositive curvature. Then we give a global description of proper singular Riemannian foliations admitting sections on Hadamard manifolds. In addition by using the theory of taut immersions we provide a short proof of this result in the special case of a polar action.
Superdiffusive central limit theorems for geodesic flows on nonpositively curved surfaces
本文研究了非正曲率表面测地流的超扩散中心极限定理，证明了非标准中心极限定理和弱不变性原理，并改进了稳定/不稳定叶的正则性结果。
We show that a compact Riemannian $3$-manifold $M$ with strictly convex simply connected boundary and sectional curvature $K\leq a\leq 0$ is isometric to a convex domain in a complete simply connected space of constant curvature $a$, provided that $K\equiv a$ on planes tangent to the boundary of $M$. This yields a characterization of strictly convex surfaces with minimal total curvature in Cartan-Hadamard $3$-manifolds, and extends some rigidity results of Greene-Wu, Gromov, and Schroeder-Strake. Our proof is based on a recent comparison formula for total curvature of Riemannian hypersurfaces,…
Let (M,g) be a simply connected complete Kahler manifold with nonpositive sectional curvature. Assume that g has constant negative holomorphic sectional curvature outside a compact set. We prove that M is then biholomorphic to the unit ball in C^n, where dim M = n.
Let X be a Hadamard manifold and $Γ$ a discrete group of isometries of X which contains an axial isometry without invariant flat half plane. We study the behavior of conformal densities on the geometric limit set of $Γ$ in order to derive a new asymptotic estimate for the growth rate of closed geodesics in not necessarily compact or finite volume manifolds.
Nonpositively curved $4$-manifolds with zero Euler characteristic
本文研究闭非正曲率黎曼4维流形在欧拉示性数为零时的曲率退化与局部叶状结构，并在解析度量条件下推出万有覆盖的非平凡欧几里得de Rham因子。
Klein bottle and optimal systolic inequality for nonpositively curved surfaces
本文证明非正曲率闭曲面（除环面外）的 systolic 面积下界为 1，等号仅当曲面为方形平坦 Klein 瓶时成立，证明借助 Klein 双重覆盖与 Weil 等周不等式。
Pressure gaps, geometric potentials, and nonpositively curved manifolds
本文为奇异集为余维1全测地平坦子环面的闭秩1流形建立压力间隙准则，证明满足曲率约束且比几何势衰减更快的势无相变，并证明几何势在奇异集附近Hölder连续。
On the singular set of the geodesic flow on nonpositively curved surfaces
该研究证明非正曲率曲面上测地流奇异轨迹的特征函数属于特定几何各向异性 Sobolev 空间，由此推导测地流非遍历的条件，证明依赖半经典分析与抛物流新径向估计。
We study the generic invariant probability measures for the geodesic flow on connected complete nonpositively curved manifolds. Under a mild technical assumption, we prove that ergodicity is a generic property in the set of probability measures defined on the unit tangent bundle of the manifold and supported by trajectories not bounding a flat strip. This is done by showing that Dirac measures on periodic orbits are dense in that set. In the case of a compact surface, we get the following sharp result: ergod- icity is a generic property in the space of all invariant measures defined on the uni…
We study complete, finite volume $n$-manifolds $M$ of bounded nonpositive sectional curvature. A classical theorem of Gromov says that if such $M$ has negative curvature then it is homeomorphic to the interior of a compact manifold-with-boundary, and we denote this boundary $\partial M$. If $n\geq 3$, we prove that the universal cover of the boundary $\widetilde{\partial M}$ and also the $π_1M$-cover of the boundary $\partial\widetilde M$ have vanishing $(n-2)$-dimensional homology. For $n=4$ the first of these recovers a result of Nguyen Phan saying that each component of the boundary $\parti…
The Teichmüller harmonic map flow deforms both a map from an oriented closed surface $M$ into an arbitrary closed Riemannian manifold, and a constant curvature metric on $M$, so as to reduce the energy of the map as quickly as possible [16]. The flow then tries to converge to a branched minimal immersion when it can [16,18]. The only thing that can stop the flow is a finite-time degeneration of the metric on $M$ where one or more collars are pinched. In this paper we show that finite-time degeneration cannot happen in the case that the target has nonpositive sectional curvature, and indeed mor…
In this paper we give a natural condition for when a volumorphism on a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ is actually an isometry with respect to some other, optimal, Riemannian metric $h$. We consider the natural action of volumorphisms on the space $\M_μ^s$ of all Riemannian metrics of Sobolev class $H^s$, $s>n/2$, with a fixed volume form $μ$. An optimal Riemannian metric, for a given volumorphism, is a fixed point of this action in a certain complete metric space containing $\M_μ^s$ as an isometrically embedded subset. We show that a fixed point exists if the orbit of the action is bounded. We al…
The regularity of systolically extremal surfaces is a notoriously difficult problem already discussed by M. Gromov in 1983, who proposed an argument toward the existence of $L^2$-extremizers exploiting the theory of $r$-regularity developed by P. A. White and others by the 1950s. We propose to study the problem of systolically extremal metrics in the context of generalized metrics of nonpositive curvature. A natural approach would be to work in the class of Alexandrov surfaces of finite total curvature, where one can exploit the tools of the completion provided in the context of Radon measures…
In this paper we study the metric geometry of the space $Σ$ of positive invertible elements of a von Neumann algebra ${\mathcal A}$ with a finite, normal and faithful tracial state $τ$. The trace induces an incomplete Riemannian metric $<x,y>_a=τ(ya^{-1}xa^{-1})$, and though the techniques involved are quite different, the situation here resembles in many relevant aspects that of the $n\times n$ matrices when they are regarded as a symmetric space. For instance we prove that geodesics are the shortest paths for the metric induced, and that the geodesic distance is a convex function; we give an…
We study algebraic conditions on a group G under which every properly discontinuous, isometric G-action on a Hadamard manifold has a G-invariant Busemann function. For such G we prove the following structure theorem: every open complete nonpositively curved Riemannian K(G,1) manifold that is homotopy equivalent to a finite complex of codimension >2 is an open regular neighborhood of a subcomplex of the same codimension. In this setting we show that each tangential homotopy type contains infinitely many open K(G,1) manifolds that admit no complete nonpositively curved metric even though their u…
We define \emph{piecewise rank 1} manifolds, which are aspherical manifolds that generally do not admit a nonpositively curved metric but can be decomposed into pieces that are diffeomorphic to finite volume, irreducible, locally symmetric, nonpositively curved manifolds with $π_1$-injective cusps. We prove smooth (self) rigidity for this class of manifolds in the case where the gluing preserves the cusps' homogeneous structure. We compute the group of self homotopy equivalences of such a manifold and show that it can contain a normal free abelian subgroup and thus, can be infinite. Elements o…
We study Lord Rayleigh's problem for clamped plates on an arbitrary $n$-dimensional $(n\geq 2)$ Cartan-Hadamard manifold $(M,g)$ with sectional curvature $\textbf{K}\leq -κ^2$ for some $κ\geq 0.$ We first prove a McKean-type spectral gap estimate, i.e. the fundamental tone of any domain in $(M,g)$ is universally bounded from below by $\frac{(n-1)^4}{16}κ^4$ whenever the $κ$-Cartan-Hadamard conjecture holds on $(M,g)$, e.g. in 2- and 3-dimensions due to Bol (1941) and Kleiner (1992), respectively. In 2- and 3-dimensions we prove sharp isoperimetric inequalities for sufficiently small clamped pl…
In this paper we prove that the space of flat metrics (nonpositively curved Euclidean cone metrics) on a closed, oriented surface is marked length spectrally rigid. In other words, two flat metrics assigning the same lengths to all closed curves differ by an isometry isotopic to the identity. The novel proof suggests a stronger rigidity result for flat metrics.
Negatively curved Kähler metrics on total spaces of a class of vector bundles
本文针对一类向量丛全空间，在其配备非正曲率Kähler度量的条件下，证明其上存在丰富的负全纯双截曲率完备Kähler度量，并给出全纯函数维数估计与全纯映射Liouville定理。
We show that every closed nonpositively curved manifold with non-trivial volume flux group has zero minimal volume, and admits a finite covering with circle actions whose orbits are homologically essential. This proves a conjecture of Kedra-Kotschick-Morita for this class of manifolds.
We study the topology of a complete asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein manifold such that its conformal boundary has positive Yamabe invariant. We proved that all maps from such manifold into any nonpositively curved manifold are homotopically trivial. Our proof is based on a Bochner type argument on harmonic maps.
We define cusp-decomposable manifolds and prove smooth rigidity within this class of manifolds. These manifolds generally do not admit a nonpositively curved metric but can be decomposed into pieces that are diffeomorphic to finite volume, locally symmetric, negatively curved manifolds with cusps. We prove that the group of outer automorphisms of the fundamental group of such a manifold is an extension of an abelian group by a finite group. Elements of the abelian group are induced by diffeomorphisms that are analogous to Dehn twists in surface topology. We also prove that the outer automophis…
We show that the space of negatively curved metrics of a closed negatively curved Riemannian $n$-manifold, $n\geq 10$, is highly non-connected.
We prove that the space of complete, finite volume, pinched negatively curved Riemannian metrics on a smooth high-dimensional manifold is either empty or it is highly non-connected, provided their behavior at infinity is similar.
In this article we introduce an approach for studying the geodesic X-ray transform and related geometric inverse problems by using Carleman estimates. The main result states that on compact negatively curved manifolds (resp. nonpositively curved simple or Anosov manifolds), the geodesic vector field satisfies a Carleman estimate with logarithmic weights (resp. linear weights) on the frequency side. As a particular consequence, on negatively curved simple manifolds the geodesic X-ray transform with attenuation given by a general connection and Higgs field is invertible modulo natural obstructio…
Fifty years ago, Eells and Sampson have proved a famous theorem in which they argued that any harmonic mapping $f:(M,g) \rightarrow (\bar{M},\bar{g})$ is totally geodesic if $(M, g)$ is a compact manifold with the nonnegative Ricci tensor and the section curvature of $(\bar{M},\bar{g})$ is nonpositive. Moreover, other main results of the theory of harmonic mappings "in the large" are the results on harmonic maps into nonpositively curved Riemannian manifolds. In our paper we develop a theory of harmonic mappings into Riemannian manifolds with nonnegative sectional curvature. In particular, we …
In this paper, I shall demonstrate that sufficiently high-dimensional closed positively-curved Riemannian manifolds are either diffeomorphic to a spherical space form, or isometric to a locally compact rank one symmetric space. This surprising classification of positively-curved Riemannian manifolds results from combining the concentration of measures of Grassmanians with Brendle-Schoen pointwise (weakly)- 1/4-pinching Theorem. A direct corollary of the main result within this paper is the answering of the long standing Hopf Conjecture in sufficiently high dimensions.
In this paper, we prove that the class of bi-f-harmonic maps and that of f-biharmonic maps from a conformal manifold of dimension not equal to 2 are the same (Theorem 1.1). We also give several results on nonexistence of proper bi-f-harmonic maps and f-biharmonic maps from complete Riemannian manifolds into nonpositively curved Riemannian manifolds. These include: any bi-f-harmonic map from a compact manifold into a non-positively curved manifold is f-harmonic (Theorem 1.6), and any f-biharmonic (respectively, bi-f-harmonic) map with bounded f and bounded f-bienrgy (respectively, bi-f-energy) …
On the Geometry and Topology of Positively Curved Eschenburg Orbifolds
本文研究正截面曲率对Eschenburg 6-轨道形奇异集和上同调环的限制，证实了Florit-Ziller猜想，并计算了所有Eschenburg轨道形的上同调环，揭示了正曲率情形下的独特上同调行为。
This is an exposition of results on the existence problem of $π_1$-injective immersed and embedded surfaces in graph-manifolds, and also of nonpositively curved metrics on graph-manifolds, obtained by different authors. The results are represented from a unified point of view based on the notion of compatible cohomological classes and some difference equation on the graph of a graph-manifold (BKN-equation). Criteria for seven different properties of graph-manifolds at three levels are given: at the level of compatible cohomological classes; at the level of solutions to the BKN-equation; in ter…
We study the topology of the 13 dimensional positively curved Bazaikin spaces. We show that there is only one such manifold which is homotopy equivalent to a homogeneous space, the so called Berger space. This is in contrast to the case of the 7 dimensional positively curved Eschenburg spaces. In addition, we compute the Pontryagin classes and the linking form and show that the first two billion positively curved Bazaikin manifolds are homeomorphically distinct, raising the question whether this is true in general.
We study spaces and moduli spaces of Riemannian metrics with non-negative Ricci or non-negative sectional curvature on closed and open manifolds. We construct, in particular, the first classes of manifolds for which these moduli spaces have non-trivial rational homotopy, homology and cohomology groups. We also show that in every dimension at least seven (respectively, at least eight) there exist closed (respectively, open) manifolds for which the space and moduli space of Riemannian metrics with non-negative sectional curvature has infinitely many path components. A completely analogous statem…
In this paper we show that a simply connected 8-dimensional manifold M of positive sectional curvature and symmetry rank $\geq 2$ resembles a rank one symmetric space in several ways. For example, the Euler characteristic of M is equal to the Euler characteristic of S^8, H P^2 or C P^4. And if M is rationally elliptic then M is rationally isomorphic to a rank one symmetric space. For torsion-free manifolds we derive a much stronger classification. We also study the bordism type of 8-dimensional manifolds of positive sectional curvature and symmetry rank $\geq 2$. As an illustration we apply ou…
Topology and bottom spectrum of transversally negatively curved foliations
该研究针对叶空间单连通且负曲率的黎曼叶状结构，证明叶片法向指数映射是微分同胚，还给出叶片为极小子流形时流形及水平拉普拉斯算子谱底部的精确估计。
We examine several classes of manifolds which have the same cohomology ring as an Eschenburg space (a family of biquotients which is a main source of manifolds with positive curvature). One family are the 3-sphere bundles over CP^2. Another are the circle bundles over a base, which itself is one of the family of CP^1 bundles over CP^2. We classify such manifolds up to diffeomorphism using the Kreck-Stolz invariants. Comparisons of the invariants is then used to find many diffeomorphism of the total space of these bundles with positively curved Eschenburg spaces. The total space of each bundle …
Topology of closed asymptotic curves on negatively curved surfaces
受Nirenberg问题启发，研究负曲率曲面上闭渐近曲线的拓扑，利用Călugăreanu定理给出环绕数公式，并推广了相关观察，构造了法向单射但环绕数非零的例子。
We prove several finiteness theorems for the normal bundles to souls in nonnegatively curved manifolds. More generally, we obtain finiteness results for open Riemannian manifolds whose topology is concentrated on compact domains of ``bounded geometry''.
We determine the homeomorphism type of the space of smooth complete nonnegatively curved metrics on surfaces of positive Euler characteristic equipped with the topology of $C^γ$ uniform convergence on compact sets, when $γ$ is infinite or is not an integer. If $γ=\infty$, the space of metrics is homeomorphic to the separable Hilbert space. If $γ$ is finite and not an integer, the space of metrics is homeomorphic to the countable power of the linear span of the Hilbert cube. We also prove similar results for some other spaces of metrics including the space of complete smooth Riemannian metrics …
The paper sketches a recent progress and formulates several open problems in studying equivariant quasiconformal and quasisymmetric homeomorphisms in negatively curved spaces as well as geometry and topology of noncompact geometrically finite negatively curved manifolds and their boundaries at infinity having Carnot--Carathéodory structures. Especially, the most interesting are complex hyperbolic manifolds with Cauchy--Riemannian structure at infinity, which occupy a distinguished niche and whose properties make them surprisingly different from real hyperbolic ones.
We study the space of complete Riemannian metrics of nonnegative curvature on the plane equipped with the C^k topology. If k is infinite, we show that the space is homeomorphic to the separable Hilbert space. For any k we prove that the space cannot be made disconnected by removing a finite dimensional subset. A similar result holds for the associated moduli space. The proof combines properties of subharmonic functions with results of infinite dimensional topology and dimension theory. A key step is a characterization of the conformal factors that make the standard Euclidean metric on the plan…
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