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arXiv 1304.7271gr-qchep-th
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基于非对易几何的量子时空宏观探测面临的挑战

Challenge to Macroscopic Probes of Quantum Spacetime Based on Noncommutative Geometry

Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

摘要:

在过去的十年里,越来越多的量子引力研究人员一直在寻找有史以来第一个实验证据来证明时空的普朗克长度量子特性。这些研究通常基于对时空量子化的一些候选间接含义的分析,例如动量空间的可能曲率。最近的一些提议给我们带来了希望,即通过找到某些宏观物体质心坐标可测性的局限性的证据,我们也可能直接从实验上获得时空量子特性。然而,我在这里观察到,最初导致对时空量子化进行推测的论点并不适用于宏观物体的质心的定域。我还分析了一些流行的形式化的概念的量子时空,发现当时空的量子化是普朗克的组成粒子,那么对于复合宏观物体的时空量子化是远远弱于普朗克。这些结果表明,通过对宏观物体的研究找到时空量子化的证据是极不可能的。它们也对量子时空中的力学理论提出了一些概念上的挑战,例如,自由质子和自由原子应该感受到不同的时空量子化效应。

英文摘要:

Over the last decade a growing number of quantum-gravity researchers has been looking for opportunities for the first ever experimental evidence of a Planck-length quantum property of spacetime. These studies are usually based on the analysis of some candidate indirect implications of spacetime quantization, such as a possible curvature of momentum space. Some recent proposals have raised hope that we might also gain direct experimental access to quantum properties of spacetime, by finding evidence of limitations to the measurability of the center-of-mass coordinates of some macroscopic bodies. However I here observe that the arguments that originally lead to speculating about spacetime quantization do not apply to the localization of the center of mass of a macroscopic body. And I also analyze some popular formalizations of the notion of quantum spacetime, finding that when the quantization of spacetime is Planckian for the constituent particles then for the composite macroscopic body the quantization of spacetime is much weaker than Planckian. These results show that finding evidence of spacetime quantization with studies of macroscopic bodies is extremely unlikely. And they also raise some conceptual challenges for theories of mechanics in quantum spacetime, in which for example free protons and free atoms should feel the effects of spacetime quantization differently.

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