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arXiv 1304.0397astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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大质量黑洞对超级木星的潮汐破坏

Tidal disruption of a super-Jupiter by a massive black hole

Marek Nikolajuk, Roland Walter

摘要:

目的:INTEGRAL在2011年发现了一个强烈的硬X射线耀斑(IGR J12580+0134),它与NGC 4845有关,这是一个塞弗特2星系,以前从未在高能量下探测到过。为了了解发生了什么,我们在X射线波段多次观察到这一事件。方法:使用XMM-Newton、Swift和MAXI进行随访观察,并提供INTEGRAL数据。长期和短期的变化进行了分析和事件宽带谱形状建模。结果如下:源的光谱可以用吸收的(N_H ~ 7 × 10^22 cm^{-2})幂律(Γ \simeq 2.2)来描述,这是吸积源的特征,加上软X射线过剩,可能具有漫射性质。硬X射线通量在几周内增加到最大值,并在一年内减少,预计会发生潮汐破坏事件。在耀斑最大值附近观测到的快速变化使我们能够估计NGC 4845中心黑洞的质量约为3 × 10^5 Msun。观测到的耀斑相当于一个质量为14-30木星的物体的大约10%的破坏。硬X射线辐射应该来自于靠近黑洞的吸积流周围形成的日冕。这是第一次观测到这种日冕的潮汐事件。

英文摘要:

Aims: A strong, hard X-ray flare was discovered (IGR J12580+0134) by INTEGRAL in 2011, and is associated to NGC 4845, a Seyfert 2 galaxy never detected at high-energy previously. To understand what happened we observed this event in the X-ray band on several occasions. Methods: Follow-up observations with XMM-Newton, Swift, and MAXI are presented together with the INTEGRAL data. Long and short term variability are analysed and the event wide band spectral shape modelled. Results: The spectrum of the source can be described with an absorbed (N_H ~ 7x10^22 cm^{-2}) power law (Γ\simeq 2.2), characteristic of an accreting source, plus a soft X-ray excess, likely to be of diffuse nature. The hard X-ray flux increased to maximum in a few weeks and decreased over a year, with the evolution expected for a tidal disruption event. The fast variations observed near the flare maximum allowed us to estimate the mass of the central black hole in NGC 4845 as ~ 3x10^5 Msun. The observed flare corresponds to the disruption of about 10% of an object with a mass of 14-30 Jupiter. The hard X-ray emission should come from a corona forming around the accretion flow close to the black hole. This is the first tidal event where such a corona has been observed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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