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arXiv 1303.0259cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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线性响应形式中的线性标度含时密度泛函理论

Linear-scaling time-dependent density-functional theory in the linear response formalism

Tim J. Zuehlsdorff, Nicholas D. M. Hine, James S. Spencer, Nicholas M. Harrison, D. Jason Riley, Peter D. Haynes

摘要:

我们提出了一个实施方案的依赖于时间的密度泛函理论(TDDFT)的线性响应形式主义,使大分子和纳米结构的低能光吸收光谱的计算。该方法避免了任何明确的参考规范表示的占用或虚拟Kohn-Sham状态,从而实现了线性缩放的计算工作与系统的大小。与传统的局部化轨道公式,其中一组局部化功能是用来跨越占用和未占用的状态流形,我们利用两套原位优化的局部化轨道,一个为占用和未占用的空间。这种双重表示方法避免了已知的问题,即用最小的一组针对所占据的空间优化的局部轨道来跨越未占据的Kohn-Sham状态的空间,而原位优化过程允许用最少数量的函数进行有效的计算。该方法适用于一些中等大小的有机分子和传统的TDDFT方法观察到良好的协议。此外,线性缩放的计算成本与系统的大小被证明在碳纳米管的系统。

英文摘要:

We present an implementation of time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) in the linear response formalism enabling the calculation of low energy optical absorption spectra for large molecules and nanostructures. The method avoids any explicit reference to canonical representations of either occupied or virtual Kohn-Sham states and thus achieves linear-scaling computational effort with system size. In contrast to conventional localised orbital formulations, where a single set of localised functions is used to span the occupied and unoccupied state manifold, we make use of two sets of in situ optimised localised orbitals, one for the occupied and one for the unoccupied space. This double representation approach avoids known problems of spanning the space of unoccupied Kohn-Sham states with a minimal set of localised orbitals optimised for the occupied space, while the in situ optimisation procedure allows for efficient calculations with a minimal number of functions. The method is applied to a number of medium sized organic molecules and a good agreement with traditional TDDFT methods is observed. Furthermore, linear scaling of computational cost with system size is demonstrated on a system of carbon nanotubes.

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