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arXiv 1302.7072cond-mat.str-el
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具有表面拓扑序的三维保对称玻色子拓扑相的精确可解模型

Exactly Soluble Model of a 3D Symmetry Protected Topological Phase of Bosons with Surface Topological Order

F. J. Burnell, Xie Chen, Lukasz Fidkowski, Ashvin Vishwanath

摘要:

在D=3立方晶格上构造了一个精确可解的哈密顿量,其基态是受时间反演对称性保护的玻色子拓扑相,即对称性保护拓扑(SPT)相.在这个模型中,任何离子激发被证明存在于表面,但不是在散装。这些表面的任意子的统计显式计算和显示是相同的3-费米子Z2模型,Z2拓扑顺序的一个变体,不能实现在一个纯粹的D=2系统与时间反演对称。因此,该模型实现了一种新的表面终止的SPT阶段,这只成为可用的D=3:一个完全对称的间隙表面的拓扑秩序。这里发现的3D相位也在组上同调分类之外,组上同调分类似乎在较低维度中捕获所有SPT相位。它被确定为一个阶段,以前预测从场论分析,其表面大致是'一半'的Kitaev E8阶段。我们的构造利用Walker-Wang处方来创建具有表面任意子的3D受限相位,该相位可以扩展到其他对称类和拓扑序。

英文摘要:

We construct an exactly soluble Hamiltonian on the D=3 cubic lattice, whose ground state is a topological phase of bosons protected by time reversal symmetry, i.e a symmetry protected topological (SPT) phase. In this model anyonic excitations are shown to exist at the surface but not in the bulk. The statistics of these surface anyons is explicitly computed and shown to be identical to the 3-fermion Z2 model, a variant of Z2 topological order which cannot be realized in a purely D=2 system with time reversal symmetry. Thus the model realizes a novel surface termination for SPT phases, which only becomes available in D=3: that of a fully symmetric gapped surface with topological order. The 3D phase found here is also outside the group cohomology classification that appears to capture all SPT phases in lower dimensions. It is identified with a phase previously predicted from a field theoretic analysis, whose surface is roughly `half' of a Kitaev E8 phase. Our construction utilizes the Walker-Wang prescription to create a 3D confined phase with surface anyons,which can be extended to other symmetry classes and topological orders.

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