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arXiv 1302.5366cs.DScs.CC
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平稳分布的均匀性检验

Testing Uniformity of Stationary Distribution

Sourav Chakraborty, Akshay Kamath, Rameshwar Pratap

摘要:

有向图上的随机游动给出图的顶点上的马尔可夫链。在马尔可夫链的上下文中经常出现的一个重要问题是图的顶点上的均匀分布是否是马尔可夫链的平稳分布。马尔可夫链的平稳分布是图的全局性质。本文证明了正则有向图顶点的均匀分布是否是平稳分布,取决于图的一个局部性质,即如果(u,v)是有向边,则出度(u)等于入度(v).这一结果也有一个应用程序的问题,测试是否一个给定的分布是均匀的或“远”是均匀的。这是性能测试和统计学中研究得很好的问题。如果分布是有向图上的惰性随机游动的平稳分布,并且该图作为输入给出,那么需要查询输入图的多少位才能确定分布是均匀的还是“远离”它?这是一个图属性测试的问题,我们认为这个问题的方向模型(介绍Halevy等人)。我们减少这个问题,以测试(在方向模型)是否有向图是欧拉。并利用Fischer等人关于测试(在方向模型中)图是否为欧拉图的查询复杂度的结果,得到了测试图的平稳分布是否为均匀分布的查询复杂度的界。

英文摘要:

A random walk on a directed graph gives a Markov chain on the vertices of the graph. An important question that arises often in the context of Markov chain is whether the uniform distribution on the vertices of the graph is a stationary distribution of the Markov chain. Stationary distribution of a Markov chain is a global property of the graph. In this paper, we prove that for a regular directed graph whether the uniform distribution on the vertices of the graph is a stationary distribution, depends on a local property of the graph, namely if (u,v) is an directed edge then outdegree(u) is equal to indegree(v). This result also has an application to the problem of testing whether a given distribution is uniform or "far" from being uniform. This is a well studied problem in property testing and statistics. If the distribution is the stationary distribution of the lazy random walk on a directed graph and the graph is given as an input, then how many bits of the input graph do one need to query in order to decide whether the distribution is uniform or "far" from it? This is a problem of graph property testing and we consider this problem in the orientation model (introduced by Halevy et al.). We reduce this problem to test (in the orientation model) whether a directed graph is Eulerian. And using result of Fischer et al. on query complexity of testing (in the orientation model) whether a graph is Eulerian, we obtain bounds on the query complexity for testing whether the stationary distribution is uniform.

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