Kronecker product in terms of Hubbard operators and the Clebsch-Gordan decomposition of SU(2)xSU(2)
Oscar Rosas-Ortiz, Marco Enriquez
备注:
64 pages, no figures. Some references and two new sections have been included. The applications have been extended to the Hubbard and t-J models (Section 2.4) as well as to the diagonalization of the Hamiltonian in the Heisenberg model and to the solving of the Jaynes-Cummings problem in Hubbard notation (Section 3.4)
本文利用Hubbard算子讨论了方阵$A \otimes B \otimes C \cdots$的Kronecker(直积或张量积)的性质。在其最简单的形式中,Hubbard算子$X_n^{i,j}$可以表示为$n$ -方阵,其在位置$(i,j)$中具有条目1,并且在所有其它条目中具有零。在这样一个框架中,定义多体量子系统的可观测量的代数和群性质是非常简单的。特别地,我们利用Hubbard记法中的Kronecker积得到了乘积群$SU(2) \times SU(2)$的Clebsch-Gordan分解.最后,$n$维不可约表示,从而获得的Clebsch-Gordan系数的规则,除了角动量的封闭形式。我们的结果可以在许多不同的方向上进一步发展。
英文摘要:
We review the properties of the Kronecker (direct, or tensor) product of square matrices $A \otimes B \otimes C \cdots$ in terms of Hubbard operators. In its simplest form, a Hubbard operator $X_n^{i,j}$ can be expressed as the $n$-square matrix which has entry 1 in position $(i,j)$ and zero in all other entries. The algebra and group properties of the observables that define a multipartite quantum system are notably straightforward in such a framework. In particular, we use the Kronecker product in Hubbard notation to get the Clebsch-Gordan decomposition of the product group $SU(2) \times SU(2)$. Finally, the $n$-dimensional irreducible representations so obtained are used to derive closed forms of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients that rule the addition of angular momenta. Our results can be further developed in many different directions.
本文进一步发展了作者和W. G.金在以前的工作。特别是,我们继续另一种方法的理论Clebsch-Gordan系数的组合学和凸几何。新功能包括零的审查规则,36个零的星星序列,以及狄克逊身份的另一个证明。作为一个主要的应用,我们重新解释了Raynal { \it et al.}的工作。作为计算$M(m, n, k).$的“中间-外”方法的Clebsch-Gordan系数消失
Representations of a quantum-deformed Lorentz algebra, Clebsch-Gordan map, and Fenchel-Nielsen representation of complex Chern-Simons theory at level-${N}$
本文研究了圈量子引力下洛伦兹EPRL自旋泡沫振幅中的SL(2,C)Clebsch-Gordan系数。我们展示了振幅如何在顶点分解为SU(2)nj-符号,在边缘分解为积分。积分定义的边缘振幅,可以评估分析使用和适应文献中的结果,导致一个纯状态和模型制定。这个过程引入虚拟表示,在某种程度上让人联想到费曼振幅中的虚拟动量,是理论中存在的简单性约束的壳外,但具有在壳上值处达到峰值的被积函数。我们指出的边缘振幅的一些属性,这是有助于数值和分析评估的自旋泡沫振幅,并建议除其他事项外,一个更简单的模型,用于计算某些最低阶振幅。作为一个应用,我们估计了一个简单的模型的大自旋标度行为,在一个封闭的泡沫与所有4-价的边缘和欧拉特征线X,为N^(X - 5E + V/2)。本文对SL(2,C)Clebsch-Gordan系数在主级数的酉表示中的结果进行了回顾和扩展,这些结果可以应用于量子引力之外。