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arXiv 1302.4180quant-phmath-phmath.MP
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纳尔逊对贝尔定理的分析述评

Review of Nelson's analysis of Bell's theorem

Benjamin Schulz

摘要:

这篇文章包含了纳尔逊对贝尔定理的分析的回顾。它表明,贝尔不等式可以违反与理论的局部随机变量,如果一个接受的结果,这些变量是不预先确定的测量。本文论述了贝尔定理与康威和柯亨的强自由意志定理之间的关系。然后,对贝尔的原著文章进行了详细的分析。以下文章法里斯,这是解释说,贝尔的工作的隐藏变量的问题,实际上描述了两个单独的定理。贝尔第一定理说,不可能有单重态的模型,其中结果不局部依赖于测量结果的检测器的设置。贝尔第二定理表明,贝尔不等式可以被一个不是确定性的理论所违背,或者违反相对论意义上的因果关系或实验者的自由意志假设。它显示在详细的地方贝尔隐含地作出各种地方性假设,纳尔逊已表明是必要的派生贝尔的不等式。文章最后将贝尔定理的推导所需的各种假设与EPR的现实标准联系起来

英文摘要:

This article contains a review of Nelson's analysis of Bell's theorem. It shows that Bell's inequalities can be violated with a theory of local random variables if one accepts that the outcomes of these variables are not predetermined prior to measurement. The article describes the relation between Bell's theorem and the Strong Free Will theorem of Conway and Kochen. Then, the original articles of Bell are analyzed in detail. Following an article of Faris, it is explained that Bell's work on the hidden variable question in fact describes two separate theorems. Bell's first theorem says that there can be no model for the singlet state where an outcome does not depend locally on the settings of the detector where the outcome was measured. Bell's second theorem shows that Bell's inequalities can be violated by a theory that is either not deterministic, or violates causality in the sense of relativity or the free will assumption of the experimenters. It is shown in detail where Bell implicitly makes the various locality assumptions that Nelson has shown to be necessary for deriving Bell's inequality. The article closes by relating the various assumptions needed to derive Bell's theorem with the reality criterion of EPR

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