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arXiv 1302.3616astro-ph.CO
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等级星系形成模型中的孤立星系--现今的性质和环境历史

Isolated galaxies in hierarchical galaxy formation models - present-day properties and environmental histories

Michaela Hirschmann, Gabriella De Lucia, Angela Iovino, Olga Cucciati

摘要:

在这项研究中,我们进行了详细的,孤立的模型星系的统计分析,利用公开可用的分层星系形成模型。为了选择孤立的星系,我们采用了在观测文献中广泛使用的2D方法,以及使用完整的3D真实空间信息的更严格的3D隔离标准。与观测结果的定性一致,孤立的模型星系有较大比例的晚型,恒星形成星系相对于随机选择的样本具有相同的质量分布的星系。我们还发现,孤立的模型星系的样本通常包含一个小部分的卫星星系的不到15%,居住在其母晕的星系数密度低的郊区。投影效应导致约18%的2D样本的污染,而我们估计一个典型的完整性为65%.Our模型孤立的样本还包括一个非常小的(百分之几)的一小部分(B/T > 0.8)的隆起为主的星系(B/T > 0.8),其隆起主要是由小合并。我们的研究表明,在z = 0时被归类为孤立的2D孤立星系中,大约有65%-70%确实是从z = 1开始完全孤立的,只有7%的星系在1 Mpc的同向运动半径内有3个以上的邻居。无论孤立标准如何,大约45%的孤立星系在过去至少经历过一次合并事件(大多数合并都是轻微的,质量比在1:4和1:10之间)。后一点验证了孤立星系主要受内部过程影响的近似。

英文摘要:

In this study, we have carried out a detailed, statistical analysis of isolated model galaxies, taking advantage of publicly available hierarchical galaxy formation models. To select isolated galaxies, we employ 2D methods widely used in the observational literature, as well as a more stringent 3D isolation criterion that uses the full 3D-real space information. In qualitative agreement with observational results, isolated model galaxies have larger fractions of late-type, star forming galaxies with respect to randomly selected samples of galaxies with the same mass distribution. We also find that the samples of isolated model galaxies typically contain a fraction of less than 15 per cent of satellite galaxies, that reside at the outskirts of their parent haloes where the galaxy number density is low. Projection effects cause a contamination of 2D samples of about 18 per cent, while we estimate a typical completeness of 65 per cent. Our model isolated samples also include a very small (few per cent) fraction of bulge dominated galaxies (B/T > 0.8) whose bulges have been built mainly by minor mergers. Our study demonstrates that about 65-70 per cent of 2D isolated galaxies that are classified as isolated at z = 0 have indeed been completely isolated since z = 1 and only 7 per cent have had more than 3 neighbours within a comoving radius of 1 Mpc. Irrespectively of the isolation criteria, roughly 45 per cent of isolated galaxies have experienced at least one merger event in the past (most of the mergers are minor, with mass ratios between 1:4 and 1:10). The latter point validates the approximation that isolated galaxies have been mainly influenced by internal processes.

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