用于评估复合系统中相关性的量子探针
Quantum probes to assess correlations in a composite system
摘要：
我们建议和实验证明一种策略，以获得有关的复合系统的相关信息，只进行测量的一个小的和容易访问的一部分，我们称之为量子探针。我们特别展示了如何通过研究从不同初始条件演化而来的两个偏振态之间的迹线距离来获得关于由自发参量下转换产生的纠缠光子对的角相关性的定量信息。在估计了用作量子探针的最佳偏振态之后，我们详细分析了迹距在其初始值之上的增加与角相关量之间的联系。
英文摘要：
We suggest and demonstrate experimentally a strategy to obtain relevant information about a composite system by only performing measurements on a small and easily accessible part of it, which we call quantum probe. We show in particular how quantitative information about the angular correlations of couples of entangled photons generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion is accessed through the study of the trace distance between two polarization states evolved from different initial conditions. After estimating the optimal polarization states to be used as quantum probe, we provide a detailed analysis of the connection between the increase of the trace distance above its initial value and the amount of angular correlations.
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