arXiv 1301.00992013-01-17hep-phnucl-exnucl-th

相对论性重离子碰撞中强电磁场的粒子产生

Particle production in strong electromagnetic fields in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Kirill Tuchin

备注：: Invited review for Advances in High Energy Physics, 67 pages; v2: referenced added

摘要：

本文综述了重离子碰撞中产生的电磁场的起源和性质。碰撞后的场强与碰撞能量成正比，在RHIC达到eB \sim（m_π）^2，在LHC达到eB \sim 10（m_π）^2。我证明了显式的分析计算后，下降了约1 - 2个数量级，在第一个fm/c的等离子体膨胀，它冻结，并持续只要夸克-胶子等离子体存在的等离子体的有限的电导率的结果。磁场在垂直于反应平面的方向上破坏了球对称性，因此所有动力学系数都是各向异性的。我检查QGP的粘度和显示，磁场诱导等离子体流的方位各向异性，即使在球对称几何。很强的电磁场对粒子产生有重要影响。讨论了同步辐射引起的快费米子的能量损失和极化问题，考虑了磁场引起的光子衰变，用洛伦兹电离机制阐明了J/Psi的离解，并考察了等离子体的电磁辐射。我的结论是，QGP中的所有过程都受到强电磁场的影响，并呼吁实验研究。

英文摘要：

I review the origin and properties of electromagnetic fields produced in heavy ion collisions. The field strength immediately after a collision is proportional to the collision energy and reaches eB\sim(m_π)^2 at RHIC and eB\sim10 (m_π)^2 at LHC. I demonstrate by explicit analytical calculation that after dropping by about one-two orders of magnitude during the first fm/c of plasma expansion, it freezes out and lasts for as long as quark-gluon plasma exists as a consequence of finite electrical conductivity of the plasma. Magnetic field breaks spherical symmetry in the direction perpendicular to the reaction plane and therefore all kinetic coefficients are anisotropic. I examine viscosity of QGP and show that magnetic field induces azimuthal anisotropy on plasma flow even in spherically symmetric geometry. Very strong electromagnetic field has an important impact on particle production. I discuss the problem of energy loss and polarization of fast fermions due to synchrotron radiation, consider photon decay induced by magnetic field, elucidate J/Psi dissociation via Lorentz ionization mechanism and examine electromagnetic radiation by plasma. I conclude that all processes in QGP are affected by strong electromagnetic field and call for experimental investigation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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