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arXiv 1209.5563astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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费米子暗物质晕的相空间密度

The phase space density of fermionic dark matter haloes

Shi Shao, Liang Gao, Tom Theuns, Carlos S. Frenk

摘要:

我们通过数值实验研究了费米子暗物质粒子的初始热速度对它们所聚集的暗物质晕的物理分布和相空间密度分布的影响,发现粒子的初始热速度在两种分布中都诱导出中心核,这可以在相空间密度理论的框架下得到理解.我们发现模拟的晕的最大粗粒度相空间密度(在6维相空间中使用EnBid程序计算)非常接近理论上的细粒度上界,而伪相空间密度Q ~ ρ/σ^3高估了最大相空间密度达一个数量级。在模拟晕的内部区域的密度很好地描述了一个“伪等温”的核心配置文件。我们已经开发了一个简单的模型,该模型的基础上,观察到的星系的表面亮度分布和中心速度色散,准确地预测其中心相空间密度。应用这个模型的矮球状卫星的银河系产生的值接近0.5千电子伏的质量的一个假设的热暖暗物质粒子,假设卫星晕的核心产生的温暖的暗物质自由流。如此小的值与莱曼-α森林观测设定的1.2 keV下限相冲突。因此,如果银河系的矮球状卫星有核心,这些核心很可能是由于与形成中的星系相关的重子过程,也许是纳瓦罗,埃克和弗伦克提出的那种,并在最近的冷暗物质模型中模拟星系形成。

英文摘要:

We have performed a series of numerical experiments to investigate how the primordial thermal velocities of fermionic dark matter particles affect the physical and phase space density profiles of the dark matter haloes into which they collect. The initial particle velocities induce central cores in both profiles, which can be understood in the framework of phase space density theory. We find that the maximum coarse-grained phase space density of the simulated haloes (computed in 6 dimensional phase space using the EnBid code) is very close to the theoretical fine-grained upper bound, while the pseudo phase space density, Q ~ ρ/σ^3, overestimates the maximum phase space density by up to an order of magnitude. The density in the inner regions of the simulated haloes is well described by a 'pseudo-isothermal' profile with a core. We have developed a simple model based on this profile which, given the observed surface brightness profile of a galaxy and its central velocity dispersion, accurately predicts its central phase space density. Applying this model to the dwarf spheroidal satellites of the Milky Way yields values close to 0.5 keV for the mass of a hypothetical thermal warm dark matter particle, assuming the satellite haloes have cores produced by warm dark matter free streaming. Such a small value is in conflict with the lower limit of 1.2 keV set by observations of the Lyman-α forest. Thus, if the Milky Way dwarf spheroidal satellites have cores, these are likely due to baryonic processes associated with the forming galaxy, perhaps of the kind proposed by Navarro, Eke and Frenk and seen in recent simulations of galaxy formation in the cold dark matter model.

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