太阳对非对称暗物质的限制
Solar constraints on asymmetric dark matter
摘要：
宇宙中的暗物质很可能是物质和反物质的混合物，也许可以与测量到的重子和反重子的不对称混合物相媲美。在宇宙的早期阶段，暗物质粒子的产生过程类似于重子生成，暗物质的冻结取决于暗物质的不对称性和湮灭截面（s波和p波湮灭通道）。在这些η参数化的非对称暗物质模型（η-ADM）中，暗物质粒子的湮灭截面接近于弱相互作用截面，η-暗物质的非对称性值接近于重子非对称性η_B。此外，我们假设，暗物质散射的重子，即自旋无关的散射截面，是相同的数量级的几个理论粒子物理模型所建议的值的范围，用于解释目前的无法解释的事件中报道的DAMA/LIBRA，CoGeNT和CRESST实验。在这里，我们通过研究这种类型的暗物质对太阳演化的影响，即太阳中微子通量和日震学来约束η-ADM模型。我们发现，质量小于15 GeV的暗物质粒子，与自旋无关的皮巴量级的重子散射截面，以及在10^{-12}-10 ^{-10}范围内的η-暗物质不对称性，将引起太阳中微子通量的变化，这与目前的中微子通量测量结果不一致。这种模型的一个自然结果是抑制湮灭，从而减少了间接和直接暗物质探测实验之间的紧张关系，但该模型也允许大大增强湮灭截面。我们讨论的所有宇宙学η-非对称暗物质方案都与当前WMAP的测量值相一致。
英文摘要：
The dark matter content of the Universe is likely to be a mixture of matter and antimatter, perhaps comparable to the measured asymmetric mixture of baryons and antibaryons. During the early stages of the Universe, the dark matter particles are produced in a process similar to baryogenesis, and dark matter freeze-out depends on the dark matter asymmetry and the annihilation cross section (s-wave and p-wave annihilation channels). In these η-parametrised asymmetric dark matter models (η-ADM), the dark matter particles have an annihilation cross section close to the weak interaction cross section, and a value of η-dark matter asymmetry close to the baryon asymmetry η_B. Furthermore, we assume that dark matter scattering of baryons, namely, the spin-independent scattering cross section, is of the same order as the range of values suggested by several theoretical particle physics models used to explain the current unexplained events reported in the DAMA/LIBRA, CoGeNT and CRESST experiments. Here, we constrain η-ADM models by investigating the impact of such a type of dark matter on the evolution of the Sun, namely, the flux of solar neutrinos and helioseismology. We find that dark matter particles with a mass smaller than 15 GeV, a spin-independent scattering cross section on baryons of the order of a picobarn, and an η-dark matter asymmetry with a value in the interval 10^{-12}-10^{-10}, would induce a change in solar neutrino fluxes in disagreement with current neutrino flux measurements. A natural consequence of this model is suppressed annihilation, thereby reducing the tension between indirect and direct dark matter detection experiments, but the model also allows a greatly enhanced annihilation cross section. All the cosmological η-asymmetric dark matter scenarios that we discuss are in agreement with the current WMAP measured values.
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