arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1209.3154astro-ph.EPastro-ph.IM
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径向速度行星搜索中红噪声的影响:只有三颗行星绕着GJ581运行?

The impact of red noise in radial velocity planet searches: Only three planets orbiting GJ581?

Roman V. Baluev

摘要:

我们对最近引起广泛关注的红矮星GJ 581的最新HARPS和Keck径向速度数据进行了详细的分析。我们发现,这些数据包含重要的相关噪声分量(“红噪声”)的相关时间尺度的顺序为10天。当我们在传统的白噪声模型中工作时,这种红噪声带来了很多误导性的影响。为了消除这些误导性的影响,我们提出了一个最大似然算法配备了一个扩展模型的噪声结构。我们将红噪声视为具有指数衰减关联函数的高斯随机过程。利用这种方法,我们证明了:(i)行星b和c确实存在于这个系统中,因为它们可以在HARPS和Keck数据中被独立地检测到,而不管假设的噪声模型如何;(ii)行星e也可以被两个数据集独立地确认,尽管在Keck数据中揭示它必须考虑红噪声;(iii)最近宣布的假定行星f和g可能只是红噪音的幻觉;(iv)候选行星GJ 581 d的真实性是值得怀疑的,因为它不能从凯克数据中检测到,并且当考虑红噪声时,其在HARPS数据(以及在组合数据集)中的统计显著性下降到$\sim 2σ$的边缘水平。因此,GJ 581目前的数据确实支持不超过四颗(甚至可能只有三颗)绕轨道运行的系外行星。候选行星GJ 581 d需要认真的观测验证。

英文摘要:

We perform a detailed analysis of the latest HARPS and Keck radial velocity data for the planet-hosting red dwarf GJ581, which attracted a lot of attention in recent time. We show that these data contain important correlated noise component ("red noise") with the correlation timescale of the order of 10 days. This red noise imposes a lot of misleading effects while we work in the traditional white-noise model. To eliminate these misleading effects, we propose a maximum-likelihood algorithm equipped by an extended model of the noise structure. We treat the red noise as a Gaussian random process with exponentially decaying correlation function. Using this method we prove that: (i) planets b and c do exist in this system, since they can be independently detected in the HARPS and Keck data, and regardless of the assumed noise models; (ii) planet e can also be confirmed independently by the both datasets, although to reveal it in the Keck data it is mandatory to take the red noise into account; (iii) the recently announced putative planets f and g are likely just illusions of the red noise; (iv) the reality of the planet candidate GJ581 d is questionable, because it cannot be detected from the Keck data, and its statistical significance in the HARPS data (as well as in the combined dataset) drops to a marginal level of $\sim 2σ$, when the red noise is taken into account. Therefore, the current data for GJ581 really support existence of no more than four (or maybe even only three) orbiting exoplanets. The planet candidate GJ581 d requests serious observational verification.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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