嵌入式闪存中替代磨损均衡技术的缓存管理策略
A Cache Management Strategy to Replace Wear Leveling Techniques for Embedded Flash Memory
摘要：
NAND闪存的价格由于市场增长和制造工艺的掌握而急剧下降，同时从技术角度在耐久性和密度方面的研究工作非常活跃。NAND闪存正在成为移动计算中最重要的存储介质，并且倾向于不太局限于该领域。这种技术的主要限制是每块可能的擦除操作的有限数量，这往往会迅速引起存储器磨损。为了解决这个问题，最先进的解决方案实现了磨损均衡策略，以均衡内存的磨损，从而延长其寿命。这些策略集成到闪存转换层（FTL）中，极大地降低了写入性能。在本文中，我们提出了减少闪存磨损的问题，并提高其性能，通过吸收整个双缓存系统的擦除操作取代FTL磨损均衡和垃圾回收服务。我们通过提出对嵌入式闪存的专门基于缓存的系统的首次性能评估来证明这一想法的合理性。与磨损均衡计划，建议的高速缓存解决方案减少了擦除操作的媒体上报告的总数量，通过吸收它们在高速缓存的工作负载表示最小的全球顺序速率。
英文摘要：
Prices of NAND flash memories are falling drastically due to market growth and fabrication process mastering while research efforts from a technological point of view in terms of endurance and density are very active. NAND flash memories are becoming the most important storage media in mobile computing and tend to be less confined to this area. The major constraint of such a technology is the limited number of possible erase operations per block which tend to quickly provoke memory wear out. To cope with this issue, state-of-the-art solutions implement wear leveling policies to level the wear out of the memory and so increase its lifetime. These policies are integrated into the Flash Translation Layer (FTL) and greatly contribute in decreasing the write performance. In this paper, we propose to reduce the flash memory wear out problem and improve its performance by absorbing the erase operations throughout a dual cache system replacing FTL wear leveling and garbage collection services. We justify this idea by proposing a first performance evaluation of an exclusively cache based system for embedded flash memories. Unlike wear leveling schemes, the proposed cache solution reduces the total number of erase operations reported on the media by absorbing them in the cache for workloads expressing a minimal global sequential rate.
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