SAWL：一种自适应的高性能存储系统损耗均衡NVM方案
SAWL:A Self-adaptive Wear-leveling NVM Scheme for High Performance Storage Systems
摘要：
为了满足高性能计算（HPC）对大存储容量、高吞吐量和节能等方面的需求，非易失性存储器（NVM）以其高密度、待机功耗接近于零、字节可寻址和非易失性等显著特点得到了广泛的研究。在高性能计算系统中，多层单元（MLC）技术被用来显著地提高器件密度和降低成本，然而这导致了比单层单元（SLC）对应物更弱的耐久性。虽然耗损均衡技术可以缓解MLC的这一弱点，但由于在一些单元真正磨损之前不能实现均匀的写入分布，因此对基于MLC的NVM的改进变得非常有限。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种自适应磨损均衡（SAWL）方案的MLC为基础的NVM。SAWL背后的想法是动态调整磨损均衡粒度，并平衡整个内存单元的写入，从而在生命周期和缓存命中率之间实现适当的权衡。此外，为了减小地址映射表的大小，SAWL在小的片上高速缓存中维护一些最近访问的映射。实验结果表明，SAWL显着提高NVM的寿命和性能的HPC系统，与国家的最先进的计划。
英文摘要：
In order to meet the needs of high performance computing (HPC) in terms of large memory, high throughput and energy savings, the non-volatile memory (NVM) has been widely studied due to its salient features of high density, near-zero standby power, byte-addressable and non-volatile properties. In HPC systems, the multi-level cell (MLC) technique is used to significantly increase device density and decrease the cost, which however leads to much weaker endurance than the single-level cell (SLC) counterpart. Although wear-leveling techniques can mitigate this weakness in MLC, the improvements upon MLC-based NVM become very limited due to not achieving uniform write distribution before some cells are really worn out. To address this problem, our paper proposes a self-adaptive wear-leveling (SAWL) scheme for MLC-based NVM. The idea behind SAWL is to dynamically tune the wear-leveling granularities and balance the writes across the cells of entire memory, thus achieving suitable tradeoff between the lifetime and cache hit rate. Moreover, to reduce the size of the address-mapping table, SAWL maintains a few recently-accessed mappings in a small on-chip cache. Experimental results demonstrate that SAWL significantly improves the NVM lifetime and the performance for HPC systems, compared with state-of-the-art schemes.
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