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arXiv 1209.2074q-bio.PEstat.AP
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分支过程中的灭绝:为什么一些最适合的策略不能保证生存

Extinction in a branching process: Why some of the fittest strategies cannot guarantee survival

Sterling Sawaya, Steffen Klaere

摘要:

生物学策略的适应性通常由其预期繁殖率来衡量,即其后代分布的一阶矩。然而,具有高预期利率的策略也可能具有高灭绝概率。在赌博和投资中也存在类似的情况,具有高预期收益的策略也可能具有高破产风险。我们从赌徒破产问题中得到启发,来研究物种灭绝与人口增长之间的关系。利用矩理论,我们证明了更高的时刻如何影响灭绝的概率。我们讨论了如何矩可以用来找到界的灭绝概率,专注于s-凸排序的随机变量,精算学中开发的方法。这种方法产生“最佳情况”和“最坏情况”的情况下,提供上限和下限的灭绝概率。我们的研究结果表明,即使是最合适的策略也有很高的灭绝概率。

英文摘要:

The fitness of a biological strategy is typically measured by its expected reproductive rate, the first moment of its offspring distribution. However, strategies with high expected rates can also have high probabilities of extinction. A similar situation is found in gambling and investment, where strategies with a high expected payoff can also have a high risk of ruin. We take inspiration from the gambler's ruin problem to examine how extinction is related to population growth. Using moment theory we demonstrate how higher moments can impact the probability of extinction. We discuss how moments can be used to find bounds on the extinction probability, focusing on s-convex ordering of random variables, a method developed in actuarial science. This approach generates "best case" and "worst case" scenarios to provide upper and lower bounds on the probability of extinction. Our results demonstrate that even the most fit strategies can have high probabilities of extinction.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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