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arXiv 1208.4201gr-qcmath-phmath.MP
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加速膨胀宇宙中测地线汇的聚焦

Focusing of geodesic congruences in an accelerated expanding Universe

F. D. Albareti, J. A. R. Cembranos, A. de la Cruz-Dombriz

摘要:

我们研究宇宙的加速膨胀,通过其后果的一致性的测地线。我们利用Raychaudhuri方程描述的类时或零测地线的同余的膨胀率的演变。特别是,我们专注于这个方程的时空几何贡献。通过直接计算罗伯逊-沃克宇宙学模型的度规,可以得出,在加速膨胀的宇宙中,时空对Raychaudhuri方程的贡献对于基本同余是正的,有利于测地线的同余的非聚焦。然而,当前宇宙的加速膨胀并不意味着基本一致性有发散的趋势。它表明,这实际上是某些类时测地线没有涡汇的情况下。因此,在加速膨胀的宇宙中,测地线的聚焦仍然是可行的。此外,在高速加速膨胀的Robertson-Walker时空中恢复了时空几何对Raychaudhuri方程的负贡献,这通常被解释为引力吸引特性的表现。

英文摘要:

We study the accelerated expansion of the Universe through its consequences on a congruence of geodesics. We make use of the Raychaudhuri equation which describes the evolution of the expansion rate for a congruence of timelike or null geodesics. In particular, we focus on the space-time geometry contribution to this equation. By straightforward calculation from the metric of a Robertson-Walker cosmological model, it follows that in an accelerated expanding Universe the space-time contribution to the Raychaudhuri equation is positive for the fundamental congruence, favoring a non-focusing of the congruence of geodesics. However, the accelerated expansion of the present Universe does not imply a tendency of the fundamental congruence to diverge. It is shown that this is in fact the case for certain congruences of timelike geodesics without vorticity. Therefore, the focusing of geodesics remains feasible in an accelerated expanding Universe. Furthermore, a negative contribution to the Raychaudhuri equation from space-time geometry which is usually interpreted as the manifestation of the attractive character of gravity is restored in an accelerated expanding Robertson-Walker space-time at high speeds.

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