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arXiv 1208.3969cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.other
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大系统的一个局部涨落定理

A local fluctuation theorem for large systems

Guillaume Michel, Debra J. Searles

摘要:

涨落定理刻画了非平衡系统中耗散的分布,证明了平均耗散为正。对于一个没有外部涨落源的大系统,性质的涨落将变得不可观测,涨落定理的细节也无法探索。在这封信中,我们考虑这样的情况,并显示如何波动定理可以得到一个小的开放子系统内的大系统。我们发现,由于子系统与周围环境的相关性,大系统涨落定理必须增加一个修正项。它的解析表达式可以推导出提供一些一般的假设满足,其相关性,它使用数值模拟检查。

英文摘要:

The fluctuation theorem characterizes the distribution of the dissipation in nonequilibrium systems and proves that the average dissipation will be positive. For a large system with no external source of fluctuation, fluctuations in properties will become unobservable and details of the fluctuation theorem are unable to be explored. In this letter, we consider such a situation and show how a fluctuation theorem can be obtained for a small open subsystem within the large system. We find that a correction term has to be added to the large system fluctuation theorem due to correlation of the subsystem with the surroundings. Its analytic expression can be derived provided some general assumptions are fulfilled, and its relevance it checked using numerical simulations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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