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arXiv 1208.3036astro-ph.IMphysics.data-anstat.AP
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贝叶斯天体统计学:回顾未来

Bayesian astrostatistics: a backward look to the future

Thomas J. Loredo

摘要:

这一章简要回顾了:(1)过去在天体物理学中使用贝叶斯方法的增长;(2)目前对频率论和贝叶斯统计推断的误解,这些误解阻碍了天文学家更广泛地采用贝叶斯方法;(3)多层次(分层)贝叶斯建模作为贝叶斯天体统计学研究的主要未来方向,在本卷所纪念的第一届国际统计学会天体统计学特邀会议上的发言部分说明了这一点。它以一个故意挑衅性的天文调查数据报告建议结束,其动机是对宇宙人口建模的多层次贝叶斯观点:天文学家停止从调查中产生估计通量和其他源属性的目录。相反,应报告源属性的似然函数(或边缘似然函数)的摘要(而不是后验概率密度函数),包括未通过传统检测阈值的候选对象的非平凡摘要(而不仅仅是上限)。

英文摘要:

This perspective chapter briefly surveys: (1) past growth in the use of Bayesian methods in astrophysics; (2) current misconceptions about both frequentist and Bayesian statistical inference that hinder wider adoption of Bayesian methods by astronomers; and (3) multilevel (hierarchical) Bayesian modeling as a major future direction for research in Bayesian astrostatistics, exemplified in part by presentations at the first ISI invited session on astrostatistics, commemorated in this volume. It closes with an intentionally provocative recommendation for astronomical survey data reporting, motivated by the multilevel Bayesian perspective on modeling cosmic populations: that astronomers cease producing catalogs of estimated fluxes and other source properties from surveys. Instead, summaries of likelihood functions (or marginal likelihood functions) for source properties should be reported (not posterior probability density functions), including nontrivial summaries (not simply upper limits) for candidate objects that do not pass traditional detection thresholds.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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