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arXiv 1208.1561quant-ph
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量子测量与热力学热力学第一定律：测量的能量成本是获取信息的功值

Quantum measurement and the first law of thermodynamics: the energy cost of measurement is the work value of the acquired information

Kurt Jacobs

备注：
4 pages, revtex4-1. v2: added a reference
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. E 86, 040106(R) (2012)
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摘要：

测量的能量成本是一个有趣的基本问题，可能对量子技术产生深远的影响。在麦克斯韦恶魔的背景下，人们经常说测量没有最小的能量成本，而信息有一个工作价值，即使这些陈述可能看起来相互矛盾。然而，正如我们所阐明的，这些陈述并不涉及测量设备所支付的成本。在这里，我们表明，只有当测量设备可以访问零温度水库-也就是说，从来没有-测量不需要能量。所有真实的测量设备都要付出热机为获得它们所获得的信息的功值而付出的代价。

英文摘要：

The energy cost of measurement is an interesting fundamental question, and may have profound implications for quantum technologies. In the context of Maxwell's demon, it is often stated that measurement has no minimum energy cost, while information has a work value, even though these statements can appear contradictory. However, as we elucidate, these statements do no refer to the cost paid by the measuring device. Here we show that it is only when a measuring device has access to a zero temperature reservoir - that is, never - that the measurement requires no energy. All real measuring devices pay the cost that a heat engine pays to obtain the work value of the information they acquire.

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