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arXiv 1207.0481cond-mat.mes-hallphysics.optics
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能量色散X射线谱对单个Er原子发射光子的探测

Detection of Photons Emitted from Single Er Atoms in Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy

Kazu Suenaga, Toshiya Okazaki, Eiji Okunishi, Syo Matsumura

摘要:

检测从单个量子物体发射的光子对于诊断纳米级器件是高度期望的。然而,由于检测效率低下,人们一直认为在光谱学中很难检测单个原子。在这里,我们证明了成功地检测的特征X射线信号从单个Er原子的能量色散X射线光谱(EDX)。利用像差校正扫描透射电子显微镜(STEM)中的高聚焦电子探针激发碳笼中排列的单个Er原子。发现单个Er原子的Er L和M线强度比电子能量损失谱(EELS)的N边强度小104 ~ 105倍,这表明在X射线谱中检测单个原子存在固有的困难。尽管如此,这一工作为获得单原子X射线谱和评价单原子荧光产额提供了可能性,因此该技术在纳米物理研究中有着广阔的应用前景。

英文摘要:

Detecting the photons emitted from single quantum objects is highly desired to diagnose nano-scale devices. It has been, however, believed very difficult to sense single atoms in optical spectroscopy due to the inferior detection efficiency. We demonstrate here the successful detection of the characteristic x-ray signals from single Er atoms in energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Highly focused electron probe in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) was used to excite the single Er atoms aligned in carbon cages, namely the peapod. The intensities of Er L and M lines from single Er atom were found to be 104 ~ 105 times less than that of the N-edge of electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), suggesting the intrinsic difficulty to sense single atoms in X-ray spectroscopy. Nevertheless, this work will certainly ensure the possibilities to obtain X-ray spectra from single atoms and to evaluate the fluorescence yield at single atom basis, therefore the technique will likely find wide fields of applications in nano-physics research.

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