耗散引起动量亏损的硬盘分析
A hard disk analysis of momentum deficit due to dissipation
摘要：
当布朗物体处于非平衡稳态时，作用在它上面的实际力不同于处于热平衡状态时的力。在我们以前的文件[物理。108（2012），160601]我们发现了一个一般原则，通过耗散引起的动量亏损（MDD）的概念将缺失力与耗散率联系起来。在这篇文章中，我们使用基于硬盘气体和布朗活塞的各种模型来研究该原理。解析地得到了力的显式表达式，并将结果与分子动力学模拟进行了比较。良好的一致性证明了MDD的有效性。
英文摘要：
When a Brownian object is in a nonequilibrium steady state, actual force exerted on it is different from one in a thermal equilibrium. In our previous paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012), 160601] we discovered a general principle which relates the missing force to dissipation rates through a concept of momentum deficit due to dissipation (MDD). In this article, we examine the principle using various models based on hard disk gases and Brownian pistons. Explicit expressions of the forces are obtained analytically and the results are compared with molecular dynamics simulations. The good agreement demonstrates the validity of MDD.
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