来自瞬子的暗能量
Dark energy from instantons
摘要：
我们表明，在虚时间量子度规波动的空的空间形成一个自洽的德西特引力瞬子，可以被认为是描述隧道从“没有”到德西特空间的实时（没有宇宙学常数或标量场是必要的）。第一次，这个机制被激活，产生了一个平坦的暴胀宇宙。第二次是在物质的能量密度降到阈值（瞬子的能量密度）以下后，开启它来完成宇宙学演化。在尺度因子超过这个阈值后，一个具有暗能量的宇宙学膨胀接管，这标志着红移为$1+z\approx 1.3$的暗能量的诞生，并为“符合问题”提供了一个可能的解决方案。通过隧道进入宇宙的引力子的数量必须达到$10^{122}$的数量级，才能产生观测到的哈勃常数。这个数字与真空能量无关，真空能量是“旧的宇宙学常数问题”的一个可能的解决方案。空荡荡的宇宙可能会通过隧道回到“无”来完成它的进化。在那之后，整个场景重复，它可以无休止地发生。
英文摘要：
We show that in imaginary time quantum metric fluctuations of empty space form a self-consistent de Sitter gravitational instanton that can be thought of as describing tunneling from "nothing" into de Sitter space of real time (no cosmological constant or scalar fields are needed). For the first time, this mechanism is activated to give birth to a flat inflationary Universe. For the second time, it is turned on to complete the cosmological evolution after the energy density of matter drops below the threshold (the energy density of instantons). A cosmological expansion with dark energy takes over after the scale factor exceeds this threshold, which marks the birth of dark energy at a redshift $1+z\approx 1.3$ and provides a possible solution to the "coincidence problem". The number of gravitons which tunneled into the Universe must be of the order of $10^{122}$ to create the observed value of the Hubble constant. This number has nothing to do with vacuum energy, which is a possible solution to the "old cosmological constant problem". The emptying Universe should possibly complete its evolution by tunneling back to "nothing". After that, the entire scenario is repeated, and it can happen endlessly.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
