Using a population number synthesis code with detailed binary evolution, we calculate the distribution of the number of type Ia supernovae as a function of time after starburst. This is done for both main progenitor scenarios (single degenerate and double degenerate), but also with various evolutionary assumptions (such as mass transfer efficiency, angular momentum loss, and common envelope description). The comparison of these theoretically predicted delay time distributions with observations in elliptical galaxies then allows to constrain the evolutionary scenarios and parameters. From the morphological shape of the distributions, we conclude that all supernovae Ia cannot be produced through the single degenerate scenario alone, with the best match being obtained when both scenarios contribute. Within the double degenerate scenario, most systems go through a phase of quasi-conservative, stable Roche lobe overflow. We propose stellar rotation as a possible solution for the underestimation of the observed absolute number of events, as is the case in many theoretical population synthesis studies. A brief comparison with these other studies is made, showing good correspondence under the nontrivial condition of equivalent assumptions. We also investigate the influence of different supernova Ia progenitors and evolutionary parameters on the theoretical distribution of the iron abundance of G-type dwarfs in the Galactic disk. These stars are good indicators of the entire chemical history of the Galaxy, and their predicted metallicity distribution can also be compared to the observational ones. This again limits the number of acceptable combinations of assumptions. Supporting previous results, the best correspondence is found in the case where both the single and double degenerate scenario contribute.
Double Neutron Star Delay Times Across Cosmic Metallicities: The Role of Helium Star Progenitors
University of Florida(佛罗里达大学);Institute for Fundamental Theory(基础理论研究所);Université de Genève(日内瓦大学);Gravitational Wave Science Center (GWSC)(引力波科学中心);Northwestern University(西北大学);Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA)(天体物理学跨学科探索与研究中心)
Evolution of massive Be and Oe stars at low metallicity towards the Long Gamma Ray bursts\footnote{Based on ESO runs 069.D-0275(A), 072.D-0245(A) and (C).}
oMEGACat. X. Shedding light on the disrupted dwarf galaxy of Omega Centauri
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所);University of Utah(犹他大学);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Universität Heidelberg(海德堡大学);Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg(海德堡大学天体物理计算研究所);Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Landessternwarte(海德堡大学天文学中心,州立天文台)
The lowest metallicity type II supernova from the highest mass red-supergiant progenitor
红超巨星已经被证实是大多数富氢II型超新星的祖先。然而,虽然这些恒星的质量大于25 M $_\odot$,但探测到大于18 M $_\odot$的祖先仍然难以捉摸。红超巨星也有望在所有金属丰度下形成,但从低金属丰度祖先爆发的发现很少。在这里,我们报告的II型超新星,SN 2015 bs的观测,我们推断的祖先金属丰度$\leq$ 0.1 Z $_\odot$通过比较光球相光谱模型,和零年龄主序列质量17- 25 M $_\odot$通过比较星云相光谱模型。SN 2015 bs显示出正常的“平台”光变曲线形态和典型的光谱特性,暗示着它是一颗红超巨星的前身。这是第一个这样的高质量祖先的“正常”II型超新星的例子,表明高质量红超巨星爆炸和低金属量祖先之间的联系。
The Color Excesses of Type Ia Supernovae from Single-Degenerate Channel Model
单简并模型是Ia型超新星(SNe Ia)最普遍接受的祖先模型,其中一颗碳氧白矮星(CO WD)吸积来自主序星或轻微演化恒星(WD +MS)的富氢物质以增加其质量,当其质量接近克拉塞卡质量极限时发生爆炸。在这两个组件之间的质量传递阶段,光学厚风可能会发生和材料损失的风可能存在的拱星材料(CSM)。寻找祖星周围的CSM有助于区分Ia超新星的不同祖星模型。同时,CSM也是色余的一个来源,本文的目的是研究在光学厚风作用下单简并祖先模型产生的色余,再现Ia型超新星的色余分布。Meng et al.(2009)系统地对不同金属丰度的WD +MS系统进行了双星演化计算,给出了Meng & Yang(2009)在Roche瓣溢出前和超新星爆发时刻的系统参数。利用Meng et al.(2009)的结果,我们通过一种简单的解析方法计算了超新星Ia在最大光照下的色余值,并通过我们的二元总体合成方法再现了在光学厚风速度为10 km s $^{\rm -1}$量级时超新星Ia色余值的分布。然而,如果风速大于100 km s $^{\rm -1}$,则再现性差。
Mass-Orbital Period Distribution of Massive White Dwarfs Formed Through Stable Mass Transfer
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(中国科学院云南天文台);International Centre of Supernovae (ICESUN), Yunnan Key Laboratory of Supernova Research(超新星国际研究中心,云南省超新星研究重点实验室);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Institute of Astronomy, The Observatories, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学天文研究所观测站)
Physical Properties and Evolutionary States of EA-type Eclipsing Binaries Observed by LAMOST
截至2017年6月16日,LAMOST共观测到约3196颗EA型双星,并推导出它们的光谱类型。同时测定了2020年EAs的恒星大气参数。在本文中,这些EAs的编目和它们的物理性质和演化状态进行了研究。EAs的周期分布表明,密近双星的潮汐锁定周期极限约为6天。研究发现,早期沉积物的金属丰度比早期沉积物的金属丰度高,表明早期沉积物一般比早期沉积物年轻,是早期沉积物的祖先。长周期EW(0.4 < P < 1天)的金属丰度与同周期的EA相同,但其Log(g)值通常小于EA。这些支持的进化过程中,EA演变成长周期EW通过角动量损失(AML)通过磁制动和情况A的质量转移的组合。对于短周期EW,它们的金属丰度低于EA,而它们的重力加速度较高。这些表明,它们可能是由冷的短周期EA通过AML通过磁制动几乎没有质量转移。对于一些具有高金属丰度的EW,它们可能被来自看不见的中子星和黑洞演化的材料污染,或者它们具有第三体,这可能有助于它们通过短时间尺度的预接触演化快速形成。本研究表明,现代EW种群可能是通过上述机制的组合而形成的。
From the Milky Way to the Early Universe: How Metallicity Shapes the Formation of Double Neutron Stars
University of Florida(佛罗里达大学);Harvard Society of Fellows(哈佛学会);Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian(天体物理中心(哈佛大学与史密森尼学会));Université de Genève(日内瓦大学);The Adler Planetarium(阿德勒天文馆);Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA)(天体物理学跨学科探索与研究中心)