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arXiv 1204.0397astro-ph.GA
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用Herschel-HIFI水谱观测大质量原恒星W43-MM1:高turbulence和吸积光度

The massive protostar W43-MM1 as seen by Herschel-HIFI water spectra: high turbulence and accretion luminosity

F. Herpin, L. Chavarria, F. van der Tak, F. Wyrowski, E. F. van Dishoeck, T. Jacq, J. Braine, A. Baudry, S. Bontemps, L. Kristensen

摘要:

我们提出Herschel/HIFI观测W 43-MM 1中的14条水线,W 43-MM 1是一个位于发光星团形成区W 43的大质量原恒星天体。我们使用Herschel-HIFI观测(WISH-KP)的14个远红外水线(H2O,H217 O,H218 O),CS(11-10),和C18 O(9-8)线,并使用我们的连续谱能量分布的模型分析的线轮廓的气体动力学。对于低质量的原恒星天体,分子线剖面是发射和吸收的混合,可以分解为“中等”和“宽”速度分量。广义分量是与所有质量的原恒星有关的外流。我们的建模表明,其余的水剖面可以很好地拟合的下降和被动加热的信封,高度超音速湍流变化从2.2公里/秒的内部区域的3.5公里/秒的外部信封。此外,W 43-MM 1的吸积速率很高,在4.0 x 10^{-4}和4.0 x 10^{-2} \msun /年之间,这是由观测到的快速(0.4-2.9 km/s)的下沉计算出来的。我们估计气态水的质量下限为0.11 \msun,水的总光度为1.5 \lsun(在这里给出的14条谱线中)。探测到中心热核的水丰度为1.4 x 10^{-4},而外层包层的水丰度为8 x 10 ^{-8}。后一个数值高于其他来源,很可能与高度湍流及其消散所产生的微震荡有关。通过对不同能量水线的分析,我们发现湍流速度随离中心距离的增加而增加。虽然与竞争吸积方案没有明显的分歧,但这种行为是由湍流核心模型预测的。此外,估计的吸积率高到足以克服预期的辐射压力。

英文摘要:

We present Herschel/HIFI observations of fourteen water lines in W43-MM1, a massive protostellar object in the luminous star cluster-forming region W43. We analyze the gas dynamics from the line profiles using Herschel-HIFI observations (WISH-KP) of fourteen far-IR water lines (H2O, H217O, H218O), CS(11-10), and C18O(9-8) lines, and using our modeling of the continuum spectral energy distribution. As for lower mass protostellar objects, the molecular line profiles are a mix of emission and absorption, and can be decomposed into 'medium', and 'broad' velocity components. The broad component is the outflow associated with protostars of all masses. Our modeling shows that the remainder of the water profiles can be well fitted by an infalling and passively heated envelope, with highly supersonic turbulence varying from 2.2 km/s in the inner region to 3.5 km/s in the outer envelope. Also, W43-MM1 has a high accretion rate, between 4.0 x 10^{-4} and 4.0 x 10^{-2} \msun /yr, derived from the fast (0.4-2.9 km/s) infall observed. We estimate a lower mass limit of gaseous water of 0.11 \msun and total water luminosity of 1.5 \lsun (in the 14 lines presented here). The central hot core is detected with a water abundance of 1.4 x 10^{-4} while the water abundance for the outer envelope is 8 x10^{-8}. The latter value is higher than in other sources, most likely related to the high turbulence and the micro-shocks created by its dissipation. Examining water lines of various energies, we find that the turbulent velocity increases with the distance to the center. While not in clear disagreement with the competitive accretion scenario, this behavior is predicted by the turbulent core model. Moreover, the estimated accretion rate is high enough to overcome the expected radiation pressure.

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